<i>In Vitro</i>Activities of Clindamycin, Imipenem, Metronidazole, and Piperacillin-Tazobactam against Susceptible and Resistant Isolates of Bacteroides fragilis Evaluated by Kill Kinetics

Schaumann, Reiner; Funke, Matthias; Janssen, Eva; Rodloff, Arne C.

doi:10.1128/aac.00099-12

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Again this result correlates well with previous reports (Goldstein et al, 2011a;Schaumann & Rodloff, 2007). However, comparing our results to those of Schaumann et al (2012), metronidazole turned out to be more efficient than the quinolones tested here, but metronidazole still needs a combination to cover aerobic bacteria in mixed infections.…”

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confidence: 93%

In vitro activities of levofloxacin, gatifloxacin, moxifloxacin and garenoxacin against Bacteroides fragilis strains evaluated by kill kinetics

Schaumann

Janssen

Funke

et al. 2013

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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This study was designed to investigate the killing activity of levofloxacin, gatifloxacin, moxifloxacin and garenoxacin against 12 Bacteroides fragilis strains by kill kinetics over time. MIC values were determined by Etest and by agar dilution. B. fragilis strains were divided according to their MIC values into two groups: one group with strains with MIC ,8.0 mg ml "1 and one group with strains with MIC ¢8.0 mg ml "1 . For kill kinetics over time, the strains with MIC ,8.0 mg ml "1 were incubated with the antibiotics at 0.5, 1, 2 and 4 times their MIC values. The strains with MIC ¢8.0 mg ml "1 were incubated with 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 times the maximum achievable concentrations of the antibiotics in human plasma (C max ). Among the strains with MIC ,8.0 mg ml "1 levofloxacin and gatifloxacin showed equal efficacy. The growth of the strains with MIC ¢8.0 mg ml "1 was barely affected by levofloxacin, while gatifloxacin had bactericidal action when concentrations of 4¾C max were used. Moxifloxacin was more effective against both groups of strains compared with levofloxacin and gatifloxacin. Garenoxacin was the most active agent against all strains investigated. Due to the varying in vitro activity of the quinolones against obligate anaerobes the treatment with quinolones of patients with intra-abdominal infections needs intensive scrutiny. INTRODUCTIONBacteroides fragilis is the most commonly isolated anaerobic pathogen (Wexler, 2007 2006). However, the problem of increasing resistance rates also applies to quinolones. Golan et al. (2003) found that quinolone resistance has been increasing among Bacteroides since 1994. Recently, Nagy et al. (2011) reported a dramatic increase in resistance to cefoxitin, clindamycin and moxifloxacin, with resistance rates of 17.2 %, 32.4 % and 13.6 %, respectively, throughout Europe, with higher resistance rates for moxifloxacin in Scandinavian countries than in Mediterranean countries (Fille et al., 2006;Hedberg et al., 2003). Thus, the knowledge of resistance patterns is important for adequate prophylaxis and treatment of anaerobic or mixed aerobic and anaerobic infections. As studies employing kill kinetics are expensive in terms of time and cost, they are not likely to be performed in the routine laboratory. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the in vitro killing activity of four different quinolones against 12 B. fragilis strains evaluated by kill kinetics over time. METHODSBacterial strains. Twelve B. fragilis isolates were selected from the institute's stock. The RMA strains were kindly provided by E. J. C. Goldstein, R. M. Alden Research Lab, Culver City, California, USA.3These authors contributed equally to this work. The WAL strains were collected at the University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK, and are isolates of an international anaerobe study tested

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confidence: 93%

In vitro activities of levofloxacin, gatifloxacin, moxifloxacin and garenoxacin against Bacteroides fragilis strains evaluated by kill kinetics

Schaumann

Janssen

Funke

et al. 2013

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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“…Furthermore, the distribution of the MICs of the comparator antibiotics are concordant with the findings of other recent studies. The B. fragilis group is characterised by high susceptibility towards TZP, imipenem and metronidazole, whereas clindamycin is less active [19,23,24]. Moxifloxacin and finafloxacin share moderate activity against C. difficile as shown by a bimodal distribution of MICs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Activity of the investigational fluoroquinolone finafloxacin and seven other antimicrobial agents against 114 obligately anaerobic bacteria

Genzel¹,

Stubbings²,

Stîngu³

et al. 2014

International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents

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“…Studies suggest that clindamycin decreases the likelihood of abscess formation involving fecal organisms like B. fragilis but must be coadministered with an aminoglycoside, a third-generation cephalosporin like ceftriaxone or aztreonam, because additional activity is required against Enterobacteriaceae . Given reports of increasing resistance of Bacteroides species to clindamycin, use of clindamycin may be entirely replaced in the future with other agents, such as metronidazole, where resistant strains are rare [ 34 , 43 ].…”

Section: Antibiotic Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Pelvic Surgical Site Infections in Gynecologic Surgery

Lachiewicz

Moulton

Jaiyeoba

2015

Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology

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The development of surgical site infection (SSI) remains the most common complication of gynecologic surgical procedures and results in significant patient morbidity. Gynecologic procedures pose a unique challenge in that potential pathogenic microorganisms from the skin or vagina and endocervix may migrate to operative sites and can result in vaginal cuff cellulitis, pelvic cellulitis, and pelvic abscesses. Multiple host and surgical risk factors have been identified as risks that increase infectious sequelae after pelvic surgery. This paper will review these risk factors as many are modifiable and care should be taken to address such factors in order to decrease the chance of infection. We will also review the definitions, microbiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management of pelvic SSIs after gynecologic surgery.

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In VitroActivities of Clindamycin, Imipenem, Metronidazole, and Piperacillin-Tazobactam against Susceptible and Resistant Isolates of Bacteroides fragilis Evaluated by Kill Kinetics

Cited by 9 publications

References 28 publications

In vitro activities of levofloxacin, gatifloxacin, moxifloxacin and garenoxacin against Bacteroides fragilis strains evaluated by kill kinetics

In vitro activities of levofloxacin, gatifloxacin, moxifloxacin and garenoxacin against Bacteroides fragilis strains evaluated by kill kinetics

Activity of the investigational fluoroquinolone finafloxacin and seven other antimicrobial agents against 114 obligately anaerobic bacteria

Pelvic Surgical Site Infections in Gynecologic Surgery

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