In situ monitoring of PISA morphologies

Abstract

Fluorescent spectroscopy is a convenient method for monitoring the progression of polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA).

Inverse Miniemulsion Photoiniferter Polymerization for the Synthesis of Ultrahigh Molecular Weight Polymers

“…Heterogeneous polymerizations exhibit unique kinetics and rapid polymerization rates and remain an active area of study. ,− Miniemulsion polymerizations are of particular interest due to their enhanced colloidal stability and more uniform droplet size and composition, attributes associated with improved control of many living polymerization systems. ,− Within miniemulsions, smaller particles of monomers are formed initially and serve as the loci of polymerization. Strong shearing is generally necessary to generate the high energy interfaces of the 50–500 nm-diameter particles. , Thus, the interfaces must be stabilized with surfactants and, often, costabilizers, which limit particle coalescence and monomer diffusion between droplets .…”

Tunable Aggregation-Induced Emission Fluorophore with the Assistance of the Self-Assembly of Block Copolymers by Controlling the Morphology and Secondary Conformation for Bioimaging

“…A typical vesicular structure is observed in both PEG 44 -b-PLLys 20 -An and PEG 112 -b-PLLys 38 -An aqueous solutions prepared from THF (Figures 1a,d and S8). 33 The average diameters of PEG 44 -b-PLLys 20 -An and PEG 112 -b-PLLys 38 -An vesicles are ∼65.3 and ∼216.2 nm, respectively. The larger size of the PEG 112 -b-PLLys 38 -An vesicle is possibly due to the large DP of hydrophobic blocks.…”

Organic–inorganic hybrid nanomaterials prepared via polymerization-induced self-assembly: recent developments and future opportunities

“…Over the past decade or so, the development of polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA) has enabled the preparation of concentrated block copolymer nanomaterials (10–50% w/w solids) with a diverse set of morphologies including spheres, worms, vesicles, large-compound vesicles, nanotubes, etc . 31–82 During PISA, the formation and in situ self-assembly of block copolymers occur at the same time, making the mechanism of PISA much more complicated than the traditional self-assembly method. A variety of polymerization techniques has been introduced into PISA including reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization, 31,35,83 atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP), 84,85 nitroxide mediated polymerization (NMP), 86,87 ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP), 88,89 ring-opening polymerization (ROP), 90,91 living anionic polymerization (LAP), 92 and organotellurium-mediated radical polymerization (TERP).…”