Bioinspired delta-bismuth
oxide nanoparticles (δ-Bi
2
O
3
NPs) have
been synthesized using a greener reducing
agent and surfactant
via
co-precipitation method.
The originality of this work is the use of
Crinum viviparum
flower extract for the first time for the fabrication of NPs, which
were further calcined at 800 °C to obtain δ-Bi
2
O
3
NPs. Physicochemical studies such as FTIR spectroscopy
and XPS confirmed the formation of Bi
2
O
3
NPs,
whereas XRD and Raman verified the formation of the cubic delta (δ)
phase of Bi
2
O
3
NPs. However, HRTEM revealed
the spherical shape with diameter 10–20 nm, while BET studies
expose mesoporous nature with a surface area of 71 m
2
/gm.
The band gap for δ-Bi
2
O
3
NPs was estimated
to be 3.45 eV, which ensured δ-Bi
2
O
3
to
be a promising photocatalyst under visible-light irradiation. Therefore,
based on the results of physicochemical studies, the bioinspired δ-Bi
2
O
3
NPs were explored as active photocatalysts for
the degradation of toxic dyes,
viz
., Thymol blue
(TB) and Congo red (CR) under visible-light irradiation. The study
showed 98.26% degradation of TB in 40 min and 69.67% degradation of
CR in 80 min by δ-Bi
2
O
3
NPs. The photogenerated
holes and electrons were found responsible for this enhancement. Furthermore,
molecular docking investigations were also performed for δ-Bi
2
O
3
NPs to understand its biological function as
New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase 1 (NDM-1) [PDB ID
5XP9
] enzyme inhibitor,
and studies revealed good interaction with various amino acid residues
and found good hydrogen bonding with a fine pose energy of −3.851
kcal/mole.