In ovocarbohydrate supplementation modulates growth and immunity‐related genes in broiler chickens

Abstract

A study was undertaken to investigate the role of in ovo administrated carbohydrates on the expression pattern of growth and immune-related genes. In ovo injections (n = 400) were carried out on the 14th day of incubation into the yolk sac/amnion of the broiler chicken embryos. Expression of growth-related genes: chicken growth hormone (cGH), insulin-like growth factor-I & II (IGF-I & II) and mucin were studied in hepatic and jejunum tissues of late-term embryo and early post-hatch chicks. Expression of candidate immune genes: Interleukin-2, 6, 10 and 12 (IL-2, IL-6, IL-10 and IL-12), Tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and Interferon gamma (IFN-γ) were studied in peripheral blood monocyte cells of in ovo-injected and control birds following antigenic stimulation with sheep RBC (SRBC) or mitogen concanavalin A (Con-A). Glucose injection significantly increased the expression of IGF-II gene during embryonic period and both cGH and IGF-II in early post-hatch period, while ribose-injected chicks had higher expression of IGF-II gene during embryonic stage. Enhanced mucin gene expression was also observed in fructose-injected chicks during embryonic age. Glucose-injected chicks had higher expression of IL-6 or IL-10, while those injected with fructose or ribose had higher expression of IL-2, IL-12 and IFN gamma. It is concluded that in ovo supplementation of carbohydrates might help in improving the growth of late-term embryos and chicks. In ovo glucose could modulate humoral-related immunity, while fructose or ribose might help in improving the cellular immunity in broiler chickens.

Response of in ovo administration of zinc on egg hatchability and immune response of commercial broiler chicken

“…Additionally, in ovo administration of threonine also enhanced the expression of cellular immunity genes, IL‐2 and IL‐12, in chicks. in ovo administration of glucose enhanced the expression of candidate genes for humoral immunity, IL‐6 and IL‐10, whereas fructose or ribose administration enhanced the expression of cell‐mediated immunity genes, IL‐2, IFN‐γ and IL‐12, in broiler chickens (Bhanja et al., ). Goel et al.…”

Delayed Post Hatch Feeding Affects Performance, Intestinal Morphology and Expression Pattern of Nutrient Transporter Genes in Egg Type Chickens

“…The toe web thicknesses, between the third and fourth digits, of both left and right feet were measured using a micrometer. The detailed procedure for in vivo immune response has been described in the paper by Bhanja et al, [17].…”

“…At 36 hr, 7 and 14 d PH, about 2 cm of the proximal portion of the jejunum [17] (where most of the digestive enzymes action takes place) and spleen were collected from four birds per treatment then opened and flushed with normal saline. The tissue was then homogenized using automated Kinematica TM Polytron TM homogenizer PT 1200 E (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Inc., Waltham, USA) and 50 mg of homogenized tissue was used for the total RNA isolation.…”

Impacts of Macronutrients on Gene Expression: Recent Evidence to Understand Productive and Reproductive Performance of Livestock

“…Furthermore, IO glucose administration had also influence on the expression pattern of immune-related genes. Finally, the authors concluded that the IO supplementation of carbohydrate is beneficial for embryos in the later stage of growth and development which may mediate through altering growth and immune-related gene expression (Bhanja et al, 2015).…”

“…During early stages of development, when there are a handful of cells in the embryo, it is very important that cells are working together and express certain sets of genes so that the embryo can develop properly (Hasegawa et al, 2015). To understand the role of IO administration of carbohydrates on the avian embryo development Bhanja et al, investigated the growth and immune-related candidate gene expression pattern in chick embryo (Bhanja et al, 2015). Interestingly, they found administration of glucose significantly increase the expression of genes related to growth (IGF-I & II, cGH) during embryonic period and early post-hatch period.…”