“…The use of art as a transversal resource for a transformative and emancipatory education started long before VTS. Historically, many pedagogues have used art with the same goal (Cizek, cited in Dewey, 1934;Greene, 1995;Viola, 1936), remaining as a topic highly pertinent at present (Lo´pez-Pela´ez et al, 2018;Pe´rez-Barreiro & Camnitzer, 2009). Thus, many related projects aim to promote pupils' visual literacy-although definitions of visual literacy have evolved over time (Mayer, 2005), we rely on that of Hailey et al (2015)-as well as critical and creative thinking skills (Tishman & Palmer, 2006), and also their ability to express and respect different opinions, through art's interpretative flexibility.…”