Helicobacter pylori: immunoproteomics related to different pathologies

Abstract

Helicobacter pylori is a Gram-negative bacterium that causes ulcer, atrophic gastritis, adenocarcinoma and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma. Moreover, an ongoing controversial role of this bacterium infection has been suggested in the etiopathogenesis of some extradigestive diseases. The humoral response to H. pylori during a natural infection can be used for diagnostic purposes and as a basis for vaccine development. Host-pathogen interactions may be investigated by means of immunoproteomics, which provides global information about relevant specific and nonspecific antigens, and thus might be suitable to identify novel vaccine candidates or serological markers of H. pylori infection as well as of different related diseases. In this review, we describe how several research groups used H. pylori proteomics combined with western blotting analysis, using sera from patients affected with different H. pylori-related pathologies, to investigate potential associations between host immune response and clinical outcomes of H. pylori infection, resulting in the rapid identification of novel, highly immunoreactive antigens.

Immunoproteomics of Helicobacter pylori infection in patients with atrophic body gastritis, a predisposing condition for gastric cancer

“…This sequence is usually triggered by H. pylori infection and is affected by a variety of genetic and environmental factors that may act synergistically (Ming, 1998). H. pylori immunoproteomics has been suggested as a useful tool to identify disease-related serological indicators (Bernardini et al, 2007;Jungblut et al, 2000), and immunoreactive H. pylori antigens have been observed to occur specifically in PU or GC patients (Lin et al, 2006(Lin et al, , 2007Krah et al, 2004;Haas et al, 2002;Kimmel et al, 2000). However, the diagnostic and prognostic value of H. pylori GC-associated antigens is related to their detectability in patients with gastritis at high risk for GC, such as ABG, considered the precursor condition for this neoplasia (Correa, 1992;Haber, 2002).…”

“…The application of immunoproteomics evaluating wide bacterial antigenic repertoires together with data mining, as we present here, is the most suitable strategic approach to face and solve multifactorial scientific problems, like H. pylori infection and related disease progression. In addition, immunoproteomics is the elective post-genomic approach to investigate H. pylori infection in ABG, because often in patients with advanced ABG the bacterium may not be detectable anymore in gastric biopsy specimens, and the only detectable trace of the infection may be the presence of H. pylori antibodies (Mini et al, 2006b;Bernardini et al, 2007).…”

“…Immunoproteomics has been used to detect H. pylori antigens (Mini et al, 2005(Mini et al, , 2006a, to be used as potential markers of different H. pylori-related diseases (Mini et al, 2006b;Bernardini et al, 2007) to improve serological tests for detecting and monitoring H. pylori infection.…”

Vaccinology in the genome era

“…The increasing knowledge regarding highly immunoreactive antigens offers useful information for further investigation of potential associations between specific immune responses and diseases (91)(92)(93)(94). In addition, the comparison of multiple immunoproteomes may allow the discovery of immunogenic structural features shared and conserved between different pathogens, which could form the basis of broadly protective multispecies vaccines.…”

Scintigraphic evaluation of gallbladder motor functions in H pylori positive and negative patients in the stomach with dyspepsia

“…The H pylori colonizing on the surface of the upper gastrointestinal mucosa is an interesting cause of active chronic gastritis and duodenitis or even gastric cancer worldwide [2][3][4][5][6][7] . The presence of H pylori infection could predispose to various disorders [8][9][10][11][12][13][14] . Dental disease might be associated with a higher recurrence of H pylori infection [9] .…”