Helicobacter pyloriand skin autoimmune diseases

Abstract

Autoimmune skin diseases are characterized by dysregulation of the immune system resulting in a loss of tolerance to skin self-antigen(s). The prolonged interaction between the bacterium and host immune mechanisms makes Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) a plausible infectious agent for triggering autoimmunity. Epidemiological and experimental data now point to a strong relation of H. pylori infection on the development of many extragastric diseases, including several allergic and autoimmune diseases. H. pylori antigens activate cross-reactive T cells and induce autoantibodies production. Microbial heat shock proteins (HSP) play an important role of in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases because of the high level of sequence homology with human HSP. Eradication of H. pylori infection has been shown to be effective in some patients with chronic autoimmune urticaria, psoriasis, alopecia areata and Schoenlein-Henoch purpura. There is conflicting and controversial data regarding the association of H. pylori infection with Behçet's disease, scleroderma and autoimmune bullous diseases. No data are available evaluating the association of H. pylori infection with other skin autoimmune diseases, such as vitiligo, cutaneous lupus erythematosus and dermatomyositis. The epidemiological and experimental evidence for a possible role of H. pylori infection in skin autoimmune diseases are the subject of this review.

Environmental risk factors of systemic sclerosis

“…& Cytomegalovirus: Cytomegalovirus may play a role in SSc onset due to its ability to infect both endothelial and monocyte/macrophage cells and through the upregulation of fibrogenic cytokines and induction of immune dysregulation [108,109]; the onset of SSc shortly after an acute episode of viral infection suggested cytomegalovirus as a possible trigger for SSc. Infection of endothelial cells alters the expression of different integrins and may induce the expression of fibrogenic cytokines and dysregulation of different antibodies, especially anti-Scl70 antibody [108,110]; anti-Scl70 antibody could cross-react with a peptide sequence of the UL-70 protein of cytomegalovirus [111]. & Helicobacter pylori: Previous authors have reported increased prevalence of H. pylori in SSc patients, compared with healthy subjects [112][113][114].…”

Helicobacter pylori as a trigger and aggravating factor in rheumatoid arthritis and other rheumatic diseases

“…Хотя иммунные нарушения, возникающие вследст-вие инфекции, могут играть определенную роль в формиро-вании свойственных СКВ аутоантител, тем не менее нет четких данных о том, что при этом заболевании инфициро-ванность H. pylori и наличие более патогенных штаммов этого микроорганизма выше, чем в популяции [42,43]. Так, американские ученые A.Н.…”

Autoimmune extraintestinal manifestations of Helicobacter pylori infection: A bundle of conflicts

“…Many studies have been reported an association between idiopathic chronic urticaria, acne rosacea, alopecia areata and H. pylori infection (31)(32)(33). Treatment of H. pylori infection has been reported to be effective in some patients with psoriasis, Schoenlein-Henoch purpura chronic autoimmune urticaria and alopecia areata (11). Some studies declared higher prevalence of H. pylori infection in patients with systemic sclerosis, than in healthy individuals (34 (37).…”

“…(10). This chronic infection due to H. pylori can also cause anarchic growth and proliferation of CD5+ B lymphocytes that produce poly-and auto-reactive IgM and IgG3 antibodies (11). Several studies have reported that Toll-like receptors (TLR) and Treg cells play roles in the immune pathogenesis of H. pylori infection and it is suggested in an experimental study there might be an interplay between TLR signaling and Treg cells which is significant for restricting H. pylori colonization and suppressing the inflammatory response (12).…”