<i>Enterobacter gergoviae</i> adaptation to preservatives commonly used in cosmetic industry

Périamé, Marina; Pagès, Jean‐Marie; Davin-Régli, Anne

doi:10.1111/ics.12140

Cited by 19 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Besides a case of two patients with recurrent corneal erosion, syndrome connected with the usage of lenses colonized by E. gergoviae was reported . However, the problem of cosmetics’ contamination by E. gergoviae is widely described in the literature in the context of the adaptation of this species to preservatives commonly used in the cosmetics industry …”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…38 However, the problem of cosmetics' contamination by E. gergoviae is widely described in the literature in the context of the adaptation of this species to preservatives commonly used in the cosmetics industry. 39,40 One unanticipated finding was that most of the microbiologically contaminated cosmetics registered in the Rapex system originated from European countries. This finding is contrary to our previous research on skin-lightening products, characterized mainly with chemical risks, registered in the same system, where most of the products originated from non-European countries.…”

Section: Main Findings Of the Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microbiological contamination of cosmetic products – observations from Europe, 2005–2018

Michałek

John

Santos

2019

Acad Dermatol Venereol

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Background Although cosmetic products are not expected to be fully aseptic, their potential microbiological contamination might be dangerous, especially for immunocompromised patients. The extent of such contamination of cosmetics in Europe is poorly studied. Objectives The objective of this study was to explore whether microbiologically contaminated cosmetic products are available for sale in Europe and what type of contamination was reported. Methods We searched the European Union Rapid Information System for dangerous non‐food products (Rapex), a database of non‐compliant products among 31 European countries, to identify microbiologically contaminated cosmetics reported between 2005 and 2018, and present a detailed summary of these notifications. Results In the years 2005–2018, 104 reports on microbiologically contaminated cosmetics were identified. Twenty of them were products for children. The majority of the products (65.38%) were produced in Rapex member states. In most cases, contamination was caused by Gram‐negative bacteria (59.62%), mostly Pseudomonas spp. (35.58%) and Enterobacter spp. (11.54%). Conclusions Gram‐negative rod‐shaped bacteria are the most common microbiota contaminating cosmetic products in Europe. Most of the reported microbiologically contaminated cosmetics originated from European countries.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Main Findings Of the Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiological contamination of cosmetic products – observations from Europe, 2005–2018

Michałek

John

Santos

2019

Acad Dermatol Venereol

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“…Recently, we have confirmed the genetic diversity of strains involved in cosmetic contaminations and the bacteriostatic action of preservatives which results in increased bacterial insusceptibility and thus its emergence (Périamé et al . ). These days, to ensure microbiological quality, consumer safety and the organoleptic properties of cosmetic products, manufacturers need to comply with defined standards (BIO ECOCERT, COSMOS) (Hiom ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Enterobacter gergoviae membrane modifications are involved in the adaptive response to preservatives used in cosmetic industry

2014

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“…at concentrations of 1.6ˆ10 5 -44ˆ10 5 Cfu/g. E. gergoviae is naturally resistant to parabens at the concentrations used in cosmetics [38,39]. The germs are often resistant to antibiotics and this makes treatment more difficult.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiologically Contaminated and Over-Preserved Cosmetic Products According Rapex 2008–2014

Neza

Centini

2016

Cosmetics

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Abstract:We investigated the Rapid Alert System (RAPEX) database from January 2008 until week 26 of 2014 to give information to consumers about microbiologically contaminated cosmetics and over-preserved cosmetic products. Chemical risk was the leading cause of the recalls (87.47%). Sixty-two cosmetic products (11.76%) were recalled because they were contaminated with pathogenic or potentially pathogenic microorganisms. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most frequently found microorganism. Other microorganisms found were: Mesophilic aerobic microorganisms, Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans, Enterococcus spp., Enterobacter cloacae, Enterococcus faecium, Enterobacter gergoviae, Rhizobium radiobacter, Burkholderia cepacia, Serratia marcescens, Achromabacter xylosoxidans, Klebsiella oxytoca, Bacillus firmus, Pantoea agglomerans, Pseudomonas putida, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Citrobacter freundii. Nine cosmetic products were recalled because they contained methylisothiazolinone (0.025%-0.36%), benzalkonium chloride (1%), triclosan (0.4%) in concentrations higher than the limits allowed by European Regulation 1223/2009. Fifteen products were recalled for the presence of methyldibromo glutaronitrile, a preservative banned for use in cosmetics. Thirty-two hair treatment products were recalled because they contained high concentrations of formaldehyde (0.3%-25%).

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Enterobacter gergoviae adaptation to preservatives commonly used in cosmetic industry

Cited by 19 publications

References 47 publications

Microbiological contamination of cosmetic products – observations from Europe, 2005–2018

Microbiological contamination of cosmetic products – observations from Europe, 2005–2018

Enterobacter gergoviae membrane modifications are involved in the adaptive response to preservatives used in cosmetic industry

Microbiologically Contaminated and Over-Preserved Cosmetic Products According Rapex 2008–2014

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