<i>Elements of X-Ray Diffraction</i>

Cullity, B. D.; Smoluchowski, R.

doi:10.1063/1.3060306

Cited by 3,159 publications

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“…The integrated intensities of the (200) a , (211) a , (200) c , and (220) c peaks were used in the direct comparison method. [40] The carbon concentration of the RA was calculated from the lattice constant measured from the (200) c and (220) c diffraction peaks and using the following equation: [41] a c ¼ 0:…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the Behavior of Advanced High-Strength Steels Using Atom Probe Tomography

Pereloma

Beladi

Zhang

et al. 2011

Metall Mater Trans A

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The key evidence for understanding the mechanical behavior of advanced high strength steels was provided by atom probe tomography (APT). Chemical overstabilization of retained austenite (RA) leading to the limited transformation-induced plasticity (TRIP) effect was deemed to be the main factor responsible for the low ductility of nanostructured bainitic steel. Appearance of the yield point on the stress-strain curve of prestrained and bake-hardened transformationinduced plasticity steel is due to the unlocking from weak carbon atmospheres of newly formed during prestraining dislocations.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the Behavior of Advanced High-Strength Steels Using Atom Probe Tomography

Pereloma

Beladi

Zhang

et al. 2011

Metall Mater Trans A

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“…The grain sizes, d, were determined using the Scherrer relation d = λ/B cos θ [18]. Here λ = 1.54178 Å is the x-ray wavelength, θ is the corresponding angle of Bragg diffraction and B is the difference between the half-widths of a Bragg reflex of the nanopowder and a standard sample.…”

Section: Preparation and Structural Characterization Of Tbmo 3 Manganmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phase transitions in TbMnO3 manganites

Dyakonov

Szytuła

Szymczak

et al. 2012

Low Temperature Physics

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X-ray diffraction and magnetic measurements of polycrystalline and nanosize TbMnO 3 manganites have been performed. All the compounds studied crystallize in the orthorhombic crystal structure (space group Pnma) at room temperature. The nanosize manganites were synthesized with a sol-gel method at different (800 and 900°C) temperatures. The average size of synthesized nanoparticles (from 45 to 70 nm) was estimated by using the x-ray diffraction and low-temperature adsorption of argon methods. An information on the evolution of properties of TbMnO 3 with changing grain size, temperature and magnetic field was obtained. The crystal structure parameters of nanospecimens change slightly with changing the nanoparticle size. The peculiarities of magnetic ordering in polycrystalline and nanosize TbMnO 3 were compared. Magnetization and the Nèel temperature corresponding to antiferromagnetic ordering of the Tb 3+ sublattice decrease as the particle size is reduced. The inverse magnetic susceptibility of the nanoparticle samples deviates from the Curie-Weiss law below 50 K, that is connected with the magnetic ordering of the Mn 3+ moments.

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“…Orientation (fc) of the PAN, as well as stabilized and carbonized fibers was determined using the azimuthal scans at two theta of 17, 26, and 26 degrees, respectively in conjunction with the Wilchinsky's equation [20]. Crystallite sizes (L) were determined from the WAXD data using the Scherrer equation with K=0.9 [21]. Fiber tensile fracture surfaces were observed on the gold coated samples by scanning electron microscopy (LEO 1530 SEM operated at 10 kV).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%