Stabilization and carbonization of gel spun polyacrylonitrile/single wall carbon nanotube composite fibers

Kumar, Satish; Chae, Han Gi; Minus, Marilyn L.; Rasheed, A.

doi:10.1016/j.polymer.2007.04.072

Cited by 203 publications

(171 citation statements)

References 19 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

154

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] Polymer/CNT composites have been studied for a wide variety of properties and applications, using various concentrations/ loading of CNT [1][2][3]11,12,[16][17][18][19][20][21] For some applications including, flame retardant [22][23][24][25][26][27] and energy [28][29][30] related materials there is a desire to increase the concentration of CNT in the composite to as much as possible to take advantage of the unique CNT properties. So far, high concentration CNT/ polymer composites have been mostly confined to processing nano-composite films, [20,21,31] the spinning of CNT fibers spun in polymer coagulation baths, [16,18] and by polymer infiltration methods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Processing, Structure, and Properties of PAN/MWNT Composite Fibers

Jain

Minus

Chae

et al. 2010

Macro Materials & Eng

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Conventional dry‐jet wet fiber spinning techniques were used to fabricate continuous PAN/MWNT composite fibers with up to 20 wt.‐% nanotube loading. PAN at the MWNT interface exhibited lower solubility under thermodynamically favorable conditions than in bulk PAN, indicating good interfacial interaction. Due to the PAN/MWNT interaction at the interface, thermal shrinkage decreases with increasing MWNT loading (5 to 20 wt.‐%). For high MWNT loadings, PAN/MWNT composite fiber at 15 wt.‐% MWNT loading showed an axial electrical conductivity of 1.24 S · m−1. For all loadings, PAN/MWNT composite fibers exhibited higher tensile moduli than theoretically predicted by rule‐of‐mixture calculations, suggesting good reinforcement of the PAN by MWNT.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Processing, Structure, and Properties of PAN/MWNT Composite Fibers

Jain

Minus

Chae

et al. 2010

Macro Materials & Eng

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…As discussed, at low carbonization temperatures (e.g., 1100°C) graphitic structures directly converted from PAN precursor polymer is observed at the interfacial regions [12]. However, the quantities of formed graphite are very small, and CNT loading is also low [12].…”

Section: Morphological Analysis Of the Carbonized Materials By Semmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…For carbon fiber production, PAN copolymers rather than homopolymers, are typically used, as the structural inhomogeneity along the chain can increase fiber drawability [1,8,9] and shorten the stabilization time [1,4,[8][9][10]. In more recent work, the addition of carbon nanotube (CNT) fillers in the PAN matrix has been shown to contribute to the structural evolution during thermal treatment of the PAN/CNT composite fibers, for potential next-generation CF production [11,12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The solution processing and film fabrication conditions were tailored to achieve the most favorable crystalline interphase growth. A heat treatment procedure similar to what was reported in previous work [12] was adapted here for both the stabilization and carbonization processes. This study provides in-depth insight toward the importance of PAN interphase structure formation for the early onset of graphite in CNT-based materials, which may have significant implications in terms of CF processing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Low temperature graphitization of interphase polyacrylonitrile (PAN)

Zhang

Tajaddod

Song

et al. 2015

Carbon

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A B S T R A C TOrdered polyacrylonitrile (PAN) interphase structures were formed in solution-cast PAN/carbon nanotube (CNT) composite films by enhancing polymer crystallization conditions and processing parameters for five types of CNTs. All film samples were heat-treated using similar stabilization and carbonization (up to 1100°C) processes. Both the precursor and carbonized materials were characterized by electron microscopy and X-ray spectroscopy. Highly ordered graphitic structure was formed predominantly in the carbonized materials at 1100°C (i.e., 1500°C lower than the temperature used in a commercial graphitization process). The ordering of the graphite structure formed at 1100°C was further improved by heat treatment up to 2100°C. Multiple characterization results indicate that the early onset of PAN conversion to graphite is directly related to the polymer interphase formation as well as the CNT type. Based on the stabilization and carbonization parameters used in this study, PAN/single-wall carbon nanotube (SWNT) samples showed more prevalent graphite formation at 1100°C. This work demonstrates the influence of CNT type regarding interfacial confinement toward this low-temperature polymer-to-graphite conversion process.

show abstract

“…[1][2][3][4] Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fibers are the most widely used precursors for producing carbon fibers, owing to a variety of reasons. [5][6][7][8][9] Generally, optimum PAN precursors have many features, such as homogeneous structure, fine denier, high crystallinity, high orientation, and so on. Such fibers are either wet spun or dry-jet wet spun using dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)-water solution as a coagulation bath.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation the jet stretch in PAN fiber dry‐jet wet spinning for PAN‐DMSO‐H₂O system

Zeng

Chen

Zhao

et al. 2009

J of Applied Polymer Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ABSTRACT:The jet stretch of dry-jet wet spun PAN fiber and its effects on the cross-section shape of fibers were investigated for a PAN-DMSO-H 2 O system. Clearly, the spinning parameters, such as dope temperature, bath concentration, bath temperature, and air gap, all influenced the jet stretch. Also, under uniform conditions, the postdrawing ratio as well as that of jet stretch changed. Under given conditions, as the bath temperature was below 30 C or above 45 C, jet stretch had little effect on the cross-sectional shapes of PAN fiber. Within the temperature of 30-45 C, fiber's cross-section shapes change obviously from round over an approximate circular shape into to an elliptical or a flat shape. The scope of jet stretch produced PAN fiber with circular cross-section was bigger than that in wet spinning. These results indicated that appropriate air gap height, under milder formation conditions in dry-jet wet spinning, could result in higher jet stretch and higher postdrawing ratio. The appropriate jet stretch and postdrawing ratio could result in circular profile of PAN fiber, which were helpful to produce round PAN precursor with finer size and better properties for carbon fiber.

show abstract

Stabilization and carbonization of gel spun polyacrylonitrile/single wall carbon nanotube composite fibers

Cited by 203 publications

References 19 publications

Processing, Structure, and Properties of PAN/MWNT Composite Fibers

Processing, Structure, and Properties of PAN/MWNT Composite Fibers

Low temperature graphitization of interphase polyacrylonitrile (PAN)

Investigation the jet stretch in PAN fiber dry‐jet wet spinning for PAN‐DMSO‐H₂O system

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Stabilization and carbonization of gel spun polyacrylonitrile/single wall carbon nanotube composite fibers

Cited by 203 publications

References 19 publications

Processing, Structure, and Properties of PAN/MWNT Composite Fibers

Processing, Structure, and Properties of PAN/MWNT Composite Fibers

Low temperature graphitization of interphase polyacrylonitrile (PAN)

Investigation the jet stretch in PAN fiber dry‐jet wet spinning for PAN‐DMSO‐H2O system

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Investigation the jet stretch in PAN fiber dry‐jet wet spinning for PAN‐DMSO‐H₂O system