“…In other studies, which did not meet the full criteria in Figure 1, researchers used multimethod, multisource methodologies that included use of video and audio-tapes, classroom observations, questionnaires, and teacher interviews (cf. Dumas et al, 2001; Emshoff et al, 1987; Kimpston, 1985; Kutash, Duchnowski, Sumi, Rudo, & Harris, 2002; Mihalic, Irwin, Fagan, & Elliott, 2004; see also Ruiz-Primo, 2005). When self-reports were used simultaneously with field observations, researchers found that self-report data indicated higher levels of fidelity than were observed in the field (Emshoff et al, 1987).…”