Citrus medicaL. cv Diamante (Rutaceae) peel extract improves glycaemic status of Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats and protects against oxidative stress

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the antidiabetic, antilipidaemic and antioxidant activities of Citrus medica cv Diamante (Rutaceae) hydroalcoholic (CD) peel extract in Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats. The ability of CD to protect against oxidative stress was investigated by using different in vitro assays and in vivo by using the reactive oxygen metabolites-derived compounds (d-ROMs) test and the biological antioxidant potential test (BAP). Two different doses of CD extract (300 and 600 mg/kg/die) were administered at ZDF rats for 4 weeks. CD reduced cholesterol and triglycerides levels. A dose-dependent effect on body weight and serum glucose levels was observed. A decrease of d-ROMs and an increase of BAP were recorded by using the dose of 600 mg/kg. The extract inhibited lipid peroxidation (IC 50 value of 0.23 mg/ml). These findings suggest as an efficient phytotherapeutic approach in combating hyperlipidaemic and hyperglycaemic disorders.

Effects of dietary dehydrated lemon peel on some biochemical markers related to general metabolism, welfare and stress in gilthead seabream (Sparus aurataL.)

“…Lactate levels also increase due to glucose reset lactate by gluconeogenesis (Tkachenko & Grudniewska, ). In our study, we confirm the hypoglycaemic activity of citrus peels suggested in previous studies (Menichini et al, ; Padilla‐Camberos et al, ), since gilthead seabream fed for 15 days with DLP showed decreased glucose and lactate levels. However, the levels of both metabolites returned to normal levels when fish were fed the same diets for 30 days.…”

“…Such kind of natural immunostimulants are medicinal plants, among these C. limon , and citrus plants in general, have long been used to treat many diseases in traditional medicine such as obesity, diabetes, hypercholesterolaemia, high blood pressure, inflammation (Padilla‐Camberos et al, ; Park et al, ; Parra et al, ; Tort, ), brain disorders, cancer (Lim et al, ; Parra et al, ; Shetty et al, ; Tort, ), microbial infections (Ou et al, ; Park et al, ; Shetty et al, ), digestive disorders (Padilla‐Camberos et al, ; Park et al, ; Shetty et al, ), vitamin deficiencies (Shetty et al, ) and bronchial, asthmatic and degenerative diseases (Lim et al, ) among others. In general, the different parts of citrus plants have beneficial properties, for example immune‐enhancing (Padilla‐Camberos et al, ; Shetty et al, ) and anti‐toxic (Chowdhury et al, ), and present antioxidant (Cho et al, ; Gómez et al, ; Nouri & Shafaghatlonbar, ; Ou et al, ; Padilla‐Camberos et al, ; Wu et al, ), antibacterial (Ou et al, ; Ramadan et al, ; Shetty et al, ), anti‐diabetic (Menichini et al, ; Padilla‐Camberos et al, ; Wu et al, ), anti‐inflammatory (Ramadan et al, ), hepato‐protective (Chowdhury et al, ), neuro‐protective (Ramadan et al, ) and kidney‐protective (Sridharan et al, ) activities due to the phenolic compounds they contain, such as terpenes (Nakajima et al, ; Ou et al, ; Park, Lee, & Park, ; Park et al, ; Shetty et al, ) phenolic acids (Ou et al, ; Park et al, ; Shetty et al, ) and flavonoids (Gómez et al, ; Lee et al, ; Lim et al, ; Nakajima et al, ; Okuyama & Zasshi, ; Park et al, ; Shetty et al, ; Wu et al, ). For these important reasons it was decided to test the effects of this important fruit on gilthead seabream, as on...…”

Pathological effect of arterial ischaemia and venous congestion on rat testes

“…With good-to-excellent analytical performances, both d-ROM and BAP tests have been proven to be reliable and suitable methods for assessing oxidative stress, as indicated by numerous studies on humans and several animal species, including mammals 35–37 . Therefore, d-ROM and BAP tests were chosen in this study because of their accuracy in measuring the total oxidant stress and total antioxidant capacity, respectively, of the interstitial fluid.…”

Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Activities of a Commercial Noni Juice revealed by Carrageenan-induced Paw Edema

“…With good to excellent analytical performances, both d-ROMs test and BAP test have been proved to be reliable and suitable methods to assess the oxidative stress either in health or in ill subjects, before and after specific treatments and/or antioxidant supplements as indicated by numerous studies on humans and several animal species including mammals (Pasquini et al 2008, Kotani and Yamada 2012, Finotello et al 2014, Menichini et al 2015. Therefore, the d-ROMs and BAP tests were chosen in this study due to their accuracy in measuring the whole oxidant capacity and the whole antioxidant biological potential of plasma, respectively.…”

“…After 5 min of incubation at 37 o C, the absorbance of the solution was read at 505 nm. The results were expressed as (μEq/L) (Pasquini et al 2008, Menichini et al 2015. Plasma concentrations of inflammatory markers, endothelin-1 and leptin, were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).…”