cis‐9,trans‐11 and trans‐10,cis‐12 CLA affect lipid metabolism differently in primary white and brown adipocytes of djungarian hamsters

Abstract

We explored whether CLA isomers and other C18 FA affect (i) lipid content and FA concentrations in total adipocyte lipids, (ii) FA synthesis from glucose in TAG and phospholipids of primary brown (BAT) and white adipocytes (WAT), and (iii) mRNA expression of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) in primary brown adipocytes of Djungarian hamsters (Phodopus sungorus). c9,t11-CLA, oleic, linoleic, and alpha-linolenic acid increased whereas t10,c12-CLA decreased lipid accumulation in both adipocyte types. t10,c12-CLA treatment affected FA composition mainly in BAT cells. CLA incorporation into lipids, in particular c9,t11-CLA, was higher in BAT. In both cell types, t10,c12-CLA treatment reduced the incorporation of glucose 13C carbon into FA of TAG and phospholipids, whereas c9,t11-CLA, linoleic, and alpha-linolenic acid either did not influence or dose-dependently increased glucose carbon incorporation into FA. UCP1 mRNA expression was inhibited by t10,c12-CLA but increased by c9,t11-CLA, linoleic, and alpha-linolenic acid. It is concluded that c9,t11-CLA and t10,c12-CLA have distinctly different effects on lipid metabolism in primary adipocytes. The effects of c9,t11-CLA are similar to those of other unsaturated C18 FA. The opposite effects of c9,t11-CLA and t10,c12-CLA are evident in both WAT and BAT cultures; however, brown adipocytes seem to be more susceptible to CLA treatment.

Higher body fatness in intrauterine growth retarded juvenile pigs is associated with lower fat and higher carbohydrate oxidation during ad libitum and restricted feeding

“…In contrast, COX adjusted for BW and FI was higher in R than in C pigs, irrespective of BiW. This might reflect an enhanced utilization of glucose for fat synthesis [16, 48, 49]. A low ratio of FOX/COX was reported to be a risk factor for weight regain in post-dieting human subjects which is similar to our observations in R pigs during early RFD [50].…”

“…This pointed to less fat mobilization in L pigs during FR. During the same period, COX (% of EE) was higher in L compared to N pigs, suggesting a higher glucose utilization to supply NADPH for fatty acid synthesis and as a precursor for fat synthesis [16, 48, 49]. …”

An improved molecular test system for the screening of human PPAR transactivation by conjugated linoleic acid isomers and their precursor fatty acids

“…Uptake and accumulation of CLA concentrations may vary for different cell types and thus affect the agonist concentrations available for PPAR activation. Moreover, 9-and 10-CLA taken up by an animal or human cell may be partly converted (by elongation, desaturation, b-oxidation) to metabolites that could act as agonists themselves [48,49]. But in view of differing data from animal and human intervention studies, it appears advantageous to aim for a human cell model which would forecast more accurately the feasibility of further elaborate studies.…”

Effects of dietary inulin on bacterial growth, short-chain fatty acid production and hepatic lipid metabolism in gnotobiotic mice

“…Phospholipid (PL) fatty acids were measured using total lipid extraction with methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE)/methanol, solid-phase separation, hydrolysis and methylation with trimethyl sulfonium hydroxide (TMSH) and subsequent analysis by GC as described previously [17][18][19].…”