c-C4F8Plasmas for the Deposition of Fluorinated Carbon Films

Terriza, Antonia; Macías-Montero, Manuel; López‐Santos, Carmen; Yubero, F.; Cotrino, José; González‐Elipe, Agustín R.

doi:10.1002/ppap.201300129

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 48 publications

(94 reference statements)

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“…The absorption band related to CC vibration can also be detected. Both the FT‐IR signals are typical polymeric features of CF‐film as reported by previous literature, indicating the successful preparation of the CF‐film. From the atomic force microscope (AFM) image (Figure b), the deposited CF‐film is smooth and compact with a low root‐mean‐square surface roughness of 1.4 nm as obtained by AFM measurements.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 84%

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PbI₂/CH₃NH₃Cl Mixed Precursor–Induced Micrometer‐Scale Grain Perovskite Film and Room‐Temperature Film Encapsulation toward High Efficiency and Stability of Planar Perovskite Solar Cells

Deng

Liu

Xin

et al. 2018

Adv Materials Inter

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transparent conductive substrate, an electron transport layer, a perovskite layer, a hole transport layer, and a metal electrode. Among these parts, the perovskite layer plays a vital role in determining the device performance since it closely relates to light absorption and photocarrier transport. The quality of the perovskite film can be assessed in terms of morphology and electronic properties. A dense perovskite film without pinholes would reduce the shunting paths and carrier recombination between electron selective layer and hole transport layer, while the smooth surface with low roughness facilitates a conformal and full coverage coating of the carrier selective layer to avoid direct contact between perovskite and metal electrode. [17,18] Perovskite film with a small defect density can suppress the ion diffusion and charging effect, which have been considered as the major cause of the hysteretic behavior in perovskite-based photovoltaic devices. [19,20] According to the fabrication process, the perovskite film can be obtained through a one-step method or sequential deposition. [9,12] As for the one-step method, stoichiometric precursors are mixed in a solvent and transformed into perovskite film after solvent evaporation and post-treatment, which stands for the simplest processing. In spite of advantages in cost and upscaling fabrication, crystal growth in the onestep method is relatively hard to control, and the crystallization process is sensitive to the atmosphere condition. Alternatively, the perovskite thin film can also be prepared through sequential deposition, a process with easily controlled nucleus formation and crystal growth. [21,22] However, the PCE of the device based on sequential deposition processed perovskite thin film still lags behind and needs further improvement.The stability of perovskite solar cell is another key issue which is closely related to its practical application. The current organic-inorganic halide perovskite solar cells typically show poor stability in ambient environment, where the moisture is regarded as the main cause of performance deterioration. [23][24][25][26] Compared to the constant pursuit of PCE, less efforts have been paid on the understanding of degradation mechanism and enhancement of device stability. Various strategies have been demonstrated to improve the tolerance to moisture or The power conversion efficiency and the stability are the most important figures of merit for perovskite solar cells which attract increasing attention in recent years. Herein, the growth of high-quality perovskite films with micrometer-scale grain size through sequential deposition is first reported using PbI 2 /CH 3 NH 3 Cl mixed precursors during the first step of deposition. The amount of CH 3 NH 3 Cl in the precursor has a great influence on the morphology of perovskite films and the device performance. Compared with traditional sequential deposition with pure PbI 2 in the first step, this method renders the perovskite solar cells with an improved power conversion efficienc...

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 84%

“…Fourier transform infrared (FT‐IR) spectra of the as‐deposited CF‐film is shown in Figure a. The absorption band at 1200 cm −1 is characteristic absorption of the CF 2 groups . The absorption band related to CC vibration can also be detected.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

PbI₂/CH₃NH₃Cl Mixed Precursor–Induced Micrometer‐Scale Grain Perovskite Film and Room‐Temperature Film Encapsulation toward High Efficiency and Stability of Planar Perovskite Solar Cells

Deng

Liu

Xin

et al. 2018

Adv Materials Inter

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“…When the energy of C + cations reaches 100 eV, incident ions are trapped in the subsurface layers as interstitials, thus favoring the increase of inner stress and the formation of metastable phases. 61 Taking higher energy into consideration, the relaxation of stress and structure results in the transformation of the partial sp 3 bonds into sp 2 bonds, which are called "thermal spikes".…”

Section: Deposition Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, the structural arrangement with increase in V b (xed the partial pressure of CF 4 ¼ 67%) changes from a diamond-like to polymer-like structure. 61…”

Section: Deposition Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent advances in the mechanical and tribological properties of fluorine-containing DLC films

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2015

RSC Adv.

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Fluorine easily substitutes hydrogen in DLC films due to its monovalence and high electronegativity. The peculiarities of fluorine bestow low surface energy, low inner stress, good thermal stability, preeminent tribological properties and biocompatibility on fluorine-containing, diamond-like carbon (F-DLC) films.Although there are some reviews that introduce the important advances in DLC films, they are not particularly focused on the promising F-DLC films. In this review, we mainly concentrate on the mechanical and tribological properties of F-DLC films. The mechanical properties, including hardness, modulus, and inner stress, will be discussed thoroughly. More importantly, the eminent tribological properties of F-DLC films would be emphasized based on the surface passivation and repulsive forces induced by fluorine atoms from the surface chemical and micro-mechanical viewpoints. Finally, some existing challenges and promising breakthroughs about F-DLC films are also proposed. It is expected that these films would be produced on a large scale and applied extensively in industrial applications such as micro-electro-mechanical systems, ultralarge scale integrated circuits, thin film transistor liquid crystal displays and biomedical devices.

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“…These results have been complemented with other by Scanning Electron Microscopy and Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (SEM-EDX) that provide both laterally resolved chemical information and the capacity to investigate inner layers of the seed (i.e., embryo, radicle and perisperm). For this study we have used two types of air plasmas: an atmospheric pressure dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma 28 and a low pressure radiofrequency 29 (RF) plasma. Although differing in treatment time, these two plasma treatments produced an improvement in the germination capacity of the Quinoa seeds and induced similar transformations of surface chemistry after plasma and then water vapor exposures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface chemistry and germination improvement of Quinoa seeds subjected to plasma activation

Gómez‐Ramírez

López‐Santos

Cantos

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

101

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Plasma treatment is recognized as a suitable technology to improve germination efficiency of numerous seeds. In this work Quinoa seeds have been subjected to air plasma treatments both at atmospheric and low pressure and improvements found in germination rate and percentage of success. Seed water uptake by exposure to water vapor, although slightly greater for plasma treated seeds, did not justify the observed germination improvement. To identify other possible factors contributing to germination, the chemical changes experienced by outer parts of the seed upon plasma exposure have been investigated by X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM-EDX). XPS revealed that the outer layers of the Quinoa plasma treated seeds were highly oxidized and appeared enriched in potassium ions and adsorbed nitrate species. Simultaneously, SEM-EDX showed that the enrichment in potassium and other mineral elements extended to the seed pericarp and closer zones. The disappearance from the surface of both potassium ions and nitrate species upon exposure of the plasma treated seeds to water vapor is proposed as a factor favoring germination. The use of XPS to study chemical changes at seed surfaces induced by plasma treatments is deemed very important to unravel the mechanisms contributing to germination improvement.

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c-C₄F₈Plasmas for the Deposition of Fluorinated Carbon Films

Cited by 10 publications

References 48 publications

PbI₂/CH₃NH₃Cl Mixed Precursor–Induced Micrometer‐Scale Grain Perovskite Film and Room‐Temperature Film Encapsulation toward High Efficiency and Stability of Planar Perovskite Solar Cells

PbI₂/CH₃NH₃Cl Mixed Precursor–Induced Micrometer‐Scale Grain Perovskite Film and Room‐Temperature Film Encapsulation toward High Efficiency and Stability of Planar Perovskite Solar Cells

Recent advances in the mechanical and tribological properties of fluorine-containing DLC films

Surface chemistry and germination improvement of Quinoa seeds subjected to plasma activation

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c-C4F8Plasmas for the Deposition of Fluorinated Carbon Films

Cited by 10 publications

References 48 publications

PbI2/CH3NH3Cl Mixed Precursor–Induced Micrometer‐Scale Grain Perovskite Film and Room‐Temperature Film Encapsulation toward High Efficiency and Stability of Planar Perovskite Solar Cells

PbI2/CH3NH3Cl Mixed Precursor–Induced Micrometer‐Scale Grain Perovskite Film and Room‐Temperature Film Encapsulation toward High Efficiency and Stability of Planar Perovskite Solar Cells

Recent advances in the mechanical and tribological properties of fluorine-containing DLC films

Surface chemistry and germination improvement of Quinoa seeds subjected to plasma activation

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

c-C₄F₈Plasmas for the Deposition of Fluorinated Carbon Films

PbI₂/CH₃NH₃Cl Mixed Precursor–Induced Micrometer‐Scale Grain Perovskite Film and Room‐Temperature Film Encapsulation toward High Efficiency and Stability of Planar Perovskite Solar Cells

PbI₂/CH₃NH₃Cl Mixed Precursor–Induced Micrometer‐Scale Grain Perovskite Film and Room‐Temperature Film Encapsulation toward High Efficiency and Stability of Planar Perovskite Solar Cells