Brevibacillus laterosporusMTCC 2298: a potential azo dye degrader

Abstract

Aims: To evaluate the potential of Brevibacillus laterosporus MTCC 2298 for the decolourization of different textile azo dyes including methyl red, mechanism of biotransformation and the toxicity of products. Methods and Results: Brevibacillus laterosporus showed decolourization of thirteen different azo dyes including methyl red. Decolourization of methyl red was faster (93% within 12 h) under static condition at the concentration 0·2 g l−1. Induction in the activities of lignin peroxidase, laccase, aminopyrine N‐demethylase, NADH‐DCIP reductase and malachite green reductase was observed in the cells obtained after decolourization. Fourier transform infra‐red spectral analysis of products indicated conversion of methyl red into secondary aryl amines and nitrosamines, which further transformed into the aromatic nitro compounds. Gas chromatography–mass spectroscopy analysis suggested conversion of methyl red into high molecular weight complex derivatives. The heterocyclic substituted aryl amine (m/z 281), p‐(N,N di formyl)‐substituted para‐di amino benzene derivative (m/z 355) and p‐di‐amino benzene derivative (m/z 282) are the mainly elected biotransformation products. Microbial and phytotoxicity studies suggested nontoxic nature of the biotransformation products. Conclusions: Brevibacillus laterosporus has potential for the decolourization of different textile azo dyes. Significance and Impact of the Study: Brevibacillus laterosporus decolourized different azo dyes including methyl red and can be utilized for textile dye decolourization.

Decolorization of azo dye methyl red by suspended and co-immobilized bacterial cells with mediators anthraquinone-2,6-disulfonate and Fe3O4 nanoparticles

“…Phytotoxicity assays were conducted to evaluate the impact of MR (200 mg L À1 ) and its metabolites against Triticum aestivum and Phaseolus mungo at room temperature (25 C) (Gomare and Govindwar, 2009;Zhao et al, 2014). Prior to inoculation, the seeds of both crops were cleaned and surface sterilized with 3% hydrogen peroxide solution for 5 min and then washed three times using sterile distilled water.…”

“…UV/Fenton, adsorption) (Banat et al, 1996;van der Zee and Villaverde, 2005;Varma and Madamwar, 2003). Microbiological degradation of azo dyes can be carried out by anaerobic bacteria (Chung et al, 1978;Costa et al, 2010;Guo et al, 2007;Meng et al, 2014;Su et al, 2009;Toro et al, 2013) and also by aerobic bacteria (Ayed et al, 2011;Gomare and Govindwar, 2009;Jadhav et al, 2008;Wong and Yuen, 1996;Zhao et al, 2014). Methyl red (MR) is considered as one of the toxic azo dyes and has been recognized as mutagenic or cytotoxic in nature (Wong and Yuen, 1998).…”

Biodegradation of C.I. Reactive Red 195 by Enterococcus faecalis strain YZ66

“…Azo aromatic compounds can be reductively cleaved into colourless amines by several bacterial species (Gomare and Govindwar 2009). Klebsiella pneumoniae RS-13 (Wong & Yuen 1996), Pseudomonas luteola (Hu, 1998), Pseudomonas sp.…”

Bioprocess optimization of laccase production through solid substrate fermentation using Perenniporia tephropora‐L168 and its application in bioremediation of triaryl‐methane dye

“…The treated samples were also subjected for FTIR analysis in the mid IR region (400–4,000 cm −1 ) by using Affinity 1 Spectrophotometer (Shimadzu). During FTIR analysis; sample was mixed with potassium bromide (1:99) and pellet was fixed in sample holder for analysis . High Performance Liquid Chromatogram (Cyberlab) analysis was performed by using C18 column (symmetry, 4.6 × 250 mm) with acetonitrile: water (1:1 vol/vol) as a mobile phase and 10 μl sample was injected at the flow rate 0.5 ml min −1 for 10 min.…”

“…During FTIR analysis; sample was mixed with potassium bromide (1:99) and pellet was fixed in sample holder for analysis. 35 High Performance Liquid Chromatogram (Cyberlab) analysis was performed by using C18 column (symmetry, 4.6 × 250 mm) with acetonitrile: water (1:1 vol/vol) as a mobile phase and 10 μl sample was injected at the flow rate 0.5 ml min −1 for 10 min. 15 Ten seeds were placed on previously moistened filter paper with treated and control dye sample (5 ml each) whereas distilled water set were used as a negative control.…”