Austroboletus amazonicussp. nov. andFistulinella campinaranaevar.scrobiculata, two commonly occurring boletes from a forest dominated byPseudomonotes tropenbosii(Dipterocarpaceae) in Colombian Amazonia

Abstract

Two boletes that frequently form fruiting bodies in Pseudomonotes tropenbosii forests are described from Colombian Amazonia. One is a new species of Austroboletus here described as A. amazonicus and the other one is Fistulinella campinaranae var. scrobiculata Singer, which is a new record for Colombia. Macromorphological, micromorphological and habitat data for these species are provided as well as DNA sequence data of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions and the D1/D2 domains of the large subunit (LSU) ribosomal DNA.

Outstanding Pinkish Brown-Spored Neotropical Boletes:Austroboletus subflavidusandFistulinella gloeocarpa(Boletaceae, Boletales) from the Dominican Republic

“…Tristes Singer and successively placed by Smith and Thiers [23] in Tylopilus sect. Graciles A.H. Smith and Thiers. The genus as presently outlined is characterized from the morphological viewpoint by boletoid fruiting bodies with dry to viscid or even mucilaginous pileus and stipe surfaces, initially whitish or pale cream becoming flesh-pink to vinaceous pink or brownish pink tubular hymenophore at maturity, smooth, furfuraceous-fibrillose to more often markedly reticulate-alveolate, lacerate or lacunose stipe, generally unchanging tissues, flesh-pink, pinkish vinaceous, purplish brown, rust brown to chocolate brown spore print, variously ornamented (finely verrucose or warted to irregularly pitted but also flat-tuberculate to subreticulate) amygdaliform to ellipsoid-fusiform basidiospores, trichoderm or ixotrichoderm pileipellis, bilateral-divergent hymenophoral trama of the "Boletus-type", gymnocarpic, velangiocarpic (primary angiocarpy), or pseudoangiocarpic (secondary angiocarpic) ontogenesis and ectomycorrhizal (ECM) association with several plant families including Fagaceae, Pinaceae, Dipterocarpaceae, Myrtaceae, and caesalpinoid legumes [8,9,12,14,[16][17][18]20,21,[24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35], although some species are suspected to be saprotrophic or only facultative ECM [32]. Austroboletus appears to be scarcely represented in temperate woodlands of both hemispheres but is particularly diverse throughout the pantropical belt, especially across the neotropical latitudes of Central and northern South America and all along the Australasian region [9,16,18,20,26,30,[32][33][34]36...…”

“…Gomez & Singer and possibly with the sequestrate genus Carolinigaster M.E. Smith & S. Cruz [5,7,8,31,[37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47]. The former three genera, along with Austroboletus, have been accommodated in the subfamily Austroboletoideae G. Wu & Zhu L. Yang, as they cluster in an well-delimited grouping with respect to other lineages in the Boletaceae [7].…”

“…The former three genera, along with Austroboletus, have been accommodated in the subfamily Austroboletoideae G. Wu & Zhu L. Yang, as they cluster in an well-delimited grouping with respect to other lineages in the Boletaceae [7]. Despite the increasing number of morphologically and molecularly-based novel species assigned to Austroboletus in the last few years from Amazon Colombia [31], India [48,49] and Australia [26], this genus has been shown to represent a polyphyletic unit [5,7,31,37,42]. Moreover, the polyphyly of Austroboletus has been further highlighted by the recent separation of the genus Ionosporus O. Khmelnitsky, based on the Malaysian species Boletus longipes Massee [41].…”

“…On the other hand, preliminary molecular analyses suggested this genus to be polyphyletic [31,37] and accordingly an inclusive revision complemented by further sampling from different geographic regions aiming at a better understanding of its generic boundaries would be urgently needed, especially in relation to morphologically very close smooth-spored genera such as Mucilopilus and Ixechinus R. Heim ex R. Heim. Moreover Vasco-Palacios et al [31], and Magnago et al [42] have stressed that American species belonging in Fistulinella cluster in a statistically strongly supported separate clade with respect to those described from Australia and New Zealand, but it is not until molecular analyses are carried out on the generic type, the African taxon F. staudtii, that a taxonomic and geographic delimitation of Fistulinella s. str. lineage will be definitely clarified.…”

Four novel Talaromyces species isolated from leaf litter from Colombian Amazon rain forests

“…Studies in this region revealed 248 species of macrofungi, but a large number of collections have remained unidentified (López-Quintero et al 2012;Vasco-Palacios and Franco-Molano 2013). Several new taxa of micro-and macrofungi have been published-for instance, new species of Penicillium and Trichoderma López-Quintero et al 2013;VascoPalacios and Franco-Molano 2013;Vasco-Palacios et al 2014).…”