<i>Amblypelta</i>spp. (Hemiptera: Coreidae) and green fruit drop in lychees

Waite, G. K.

doi:10.1080/09670879009371509

Cited by 16 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Similarly in macadamias, feeding lesions on the surface of nut husks can be difficult to identify and may be invisible on the shell surface, but the damaged kernel becomes transparent and jelly‐like, and finally shrivels to become dry and brown within the husk (Brimblecombe ). Premature abscission of developing fruit or nuts fed on by fruitspotting bugs is common in lychee, macadamia and avocado crops (Ironside ; Waite ; Waite et al . ), but the precise nature of fruit damage and abscission relationships need to be established within these and other affected crops.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Monitoring fruitspotting bug populations within a crop is crucial for making informed management decisions; however, obtaining accurate population estimates is difficult because of the cryptic behaviour of the bugs and the difficulty in capturing them. Currently, systematic assessment of fruitspotting bug damage within a crop is conducted in order to make management decisions, but feeding damage levels do not provide reliable information on population densities as low numbers of individuals can cause relatively high levels of damage (Waite ) and feeding damage is extremely patchy within orchards (Ryan ). Monitoring bugs using traps baited with semiochemicals, e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fruitspotting bugs, Amblypelta nitida Stål and A. lutescens lutescens Distant (Hemiptera: Coreidae): a review of the potential for integrated management practices

Danne

Llewellyn²,

Huwer

et al. 2013

Austral Entomology

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Fruitspotting bugs, Amblypelta nitida Stål, and A. lutescens lutescens Distant (Hemiptera: Coreidae), are polyphagous, native Australian pests of a wide range of tropical and subtropical fruit and nut crops. Both species occur predominantly along Australia's eastern coastline, A. nitida from c. 17°S-35°S and A. l. lutescens from c. 11°S-27°S, and as such, they are distributed across some of Australia's most important horticultural regions. Adults are cryptic and highly mobile, making population monitoring within affected tree crops difficult. Nymphs and adults inject salivary sucrase into plant tissue while feeding; this causes significant damage to fruiting structures and often renders them unsaleable. Despite their economic importance, many aspects of fruitspotting bug biology and ecology remain understudied; their chemical ecology, host-plant relationships, movements into, out of and within crops, and interactions with natural enemies are poorly understood. Currently, control of both species relies on applications of synthetic broad-spectrum insecticides, and the recent withdrawal of endosulfan has resulted in an increased use of more disruptive compounds. This paper reviews current knowledge of fruitspotting bug biology and ecology, and the strategies that are currently employed for control. Importantly, a synthetic lure based on some of the volatile compounds emitted by male A. l. lutescens has recently been developed and incorporated into a prototype trap. The device offers a promising new approach to population monitoring and the development of integrated management strategies for this species. Areas of research critical to the development of sustainable management strategies for fruitspotting bugs include: (1) host-plant relationships between fruitspotting bugs and their crop and non-crop host plants;(2) fruitspotting bug dispersal behaviour and movement patterns between and within crops, and between crops and non-crop vegetation; (3) methods for implementing biological control strategies; (4) utilising pheromone traps for monitoring and capture of fruitspotting bugs; and (5) screening of selective insecticides.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fruitspotting bugs, Amblypelta nitida Stål and A. lutescens lutescens Distant (Hemiptera: Coreidae): a review of the potential for integrated management practices

Danne

Llewellyn²,

Huwer

et al. 2013

Austral Entomology

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“…The species is distributed widely across northern Australia, Gulf of Papua, Torres Strait and Timor (Brown 1958a; Ghauri 1984). Nymphs and adults feed on flushing shoots and developing fruits of a wide range of tree crops of economic importance (Brimblecombe 1948; Brown 1958b; Smith 1973; Ironside 1978; Smith 1985; Waite 1990; Waite & Huwer 1998), causing significant losses in production. Since 1990, fruit spotting bug has been one of the main insect pests of several pilot cashew plantations established in northern Australia in the mid‐1980s (Houston & Malipatil 1991; Strickland & Williams 1993; Peng et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies have established the host range of A. l. lutescens (Brown 1958a; Smith 1985; Waite 1990; Ryan 1994; Waite & Huwer 1998). Its developmental biology was studied by Brimblecombe (1948), Ironside (1978) and Huwer (1996), while information on its natural enemies was derived by Ironside (1978), Fay & Huwer (1993) and Peng et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecology of the fruit spotting bug, Amblypelta lutescens lutescens Distant (Hemiptera: Coreidae) in cashew plantations, with particular reference to the potential for its biological control

Peng

Christian

Gibb

2005

Australian Journal of Entomology

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The fruit spotting bug, Amblypelta lutescens lutescens, is one of the principal insect pests of cashews in Australia. Its population dynamics were studied using field observations and long-term monitoring to find suitable management methods. Observations of bugs reared in netting bags showed a sequence of change in bug-damage symptoms after 12 h and up to 3 d. Field observations revealed that adults preferred to feed and rest on the shady side of the tree. The number of bugs observed accounted for only 17-35% of the total variability in the number of damaged shoots, suggesting that the number of flushing shoots (leaf, flower or young nuts) with fresh damage symptoms was a more reliable parameter for determining the presence and level of activity of bugs than was a direct estimate of the number of bugs. The green tree ant, Oecophylla smaragdina (F), was the most important factor regulating bug populations. When predation was excluded as a factor, the number of flushing shoots and maximum temperature accounted for 80% of the total variability in the bug damage. Green tree ants should be considered as an important biological control agent for fruit spotting bug, and monitoring should be commenced when cashew trees start to flush (using damaged shoots as indicator).

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“…Nymphs and adults pierce parenchyma cells of plant growing points or developing fruits and nuts, generally leaving blackened spots which frequently split. Premature fruit and nut fall is common (Waite 1990). Effective control in susceptible crops is usually achieved through regular applications of endosulfan.…”

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confidence: 99%

Egg Parasitoids Collected From Amblypelta Lutescens Lutescens (Distant) (Hemiptera: Coreidae) in North Queensland

And

Huwer

1993

Aust J Entomol

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A hymenoprei-ous parasitoid complex attacking the eggs of the banana-spotting bug, Arnblypelta lutescens lufescens (Distant), is reported for the first time from north Queensland. It includes an Anastatus sp. (Eupelmidae), Ooencyrtus sp.nov. (Encyrtidae) and a Cryon sp. (Scelionidae), and is similar to other complexes known to attack eggs of related coreids in Africa, Indonesia and Papua New Guinea. Parasitism ranged from 37.5-91.670 in eggs collected at three sites from Orange Jessamine, Murraya paniculata (L.) Jack. The Anastarus sp. was the dominant parasitoid.The banana-spotting bug, Amblypelta lutescens lutescens (Distant) is a severe pest of tree fruits and nuts, including avocados, cashews, custard apples, guavas, lychees, macadamias and papaws, in coastal and subcoastal Queensland (Ironside 1981; Donaldson 1983). Its range extends to the northern parts of the Northern Territory and Western Australia (Smith 1985). Nymphs and adults pierce parenchyma cells of plant growing points or developing fruits and nuts, generally leaving blackened spots which frequently split. Premature fruit and nut fall is common (Waite 1990). Effective control in susceptible crops is usually achieved through regular applications of endosulfan.Natural enemies have been considered unimportant in the life history of the banana-spotting bug, with only some general predators and the tachinid parasitoid, Pentatomophaga bicincta de Meijere, known (Ironside 1981). An unidentified hymenopterous egg parasitoid was reported by Ironside (1981). but no details of the insect or the locality record are available. A . lutescens lutescens lays its eggs singly and sparsely, making monitoring in crop situations exceedingly difficult. This undoubtedly accounts for the lack of available information on the natural enemies which attack this life stage. Studies in other parts of the world have, howevcr, revealed a range of egg parasitoids attacking related coreids (Table I).Permanent populations of A . lufescens lutescens are known to have occupied certain clumps of Orange Jessamine (sometimes referred to as Mock Orange), Murrayapaniculafa (L.) Jack (Rutaceae) in Mareeba (17"OO'S 145"25 'E) for many years. Recent close scrutiny of these plants was undertaken as part of a study of the banana-spotting bug and its host plant relationships. Three sites, each containing several plants of M. puniculata u'p to 3 m in height, were monitored regularly in October and November 1992. Sites 1 and 2 were 100 m apart with Site 3 approximately 2 km away. Both sides of M. paniculafa leaves were searched for eggs of A. lutescens lutescens. All eggs collected were examined under a binocular microscope to determine whether or not they were intact. Those which were not intact were considered to havecontained parasitoids if the emergence holes exceeded one in number or were irregularly positioned and had uneven margins, and parasitoid-free if the operculum was neatly detached (Brown 1959). Intact eggs were placed individually in 25 mL screwcap polystyrene jars and he...

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Amblypeltaspp. (Hemiptera: Coreidae) and green fruit drop in lychees

Cited by 16 publications

References 3 publications

Fruitspotting bugs, Amblypelta nitida Stål and A. lutescens lutescens Distant (Hemiptera: Coreidae): a review of the potential for integrated management practices

Fruitspotting bugs, Amblypelta nitida Stål and A. lutescens lutescens Distant (Hemiptera: Coreidae): a review of the potential for integrated management practices

Ecology of the fruit spotting bug, Amblypelta lutescens lutescens Distant (Hemiptera: Coreidae) in cashew plantations, with particular reference to the potential for its biological control

Egg Parasitoids Collected From Amblypelta Lutescens Lutescens (Distant) (Hemiptera: Coreidae) in North Queensland

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