Acremoniumas an endophytic bioagent against date palmFusariumwilt

Abstract

A total of 250 endophytic fungal isolates, representing 30 morphotaxa, were isolated and characterised, they were collected from the different living symptomless parts of date palm trees of orchards of six Egyptian governorates. Colonisation was greater in samples from the midrib than in those from laminar tissue and slightly greater at the tip of the lamina compared with the base of the leaf. Acremonium spp. were frequently isolated as date palm root endophytes. Acremonium isolates were screened in Petri dishes to select the highest antagonistic one against an Algerian isolate of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. albedinis. Two-week-old axenically reared date palm seedlings grown in Petri dishes were directly injected with spore suspension (1.5 Â 10 7 spores/ml) of a pure culture of the virulent antagonistic isolate of Acremonium sp. One week after endophytic colonisation, date palm seedlings were then challenged with the pathogen, Fusarium albedinis. The challenged seedlings exhibited a significant reduction in wilt symptom percentage (by 87.0%), while the seedlings exposed to Fusarial toxin without pathogen exhibited the wilt disease symptoms. This indicates that the endophyte ably depresses any toxic action of F. albedinis. The endophytic fungus was recovered from sites distant from the point of inoculation after six months from the application, indicating that the Acremonium sp. has the potential to move throughout the tissue plant, even the end time of trial. The Acremonium mode of action, as a biocontrol agent, was discussed.

Assessment of the impact of the fumigant dimethyl disulfide on the dynamics of major fungal plant pathogens in greenhouse soils

“…Fungi of those genera are commonly identified as dominant in culture-dependent (Siles et al 2014;Lenc et al 2015) and culture-independent studies monitoring soil fungal diversity (Coats et al 2014;Ma et al 2015). In addition, Chaetomium and Acremonium species have been found to exhibit antagonistic effects against soil borne plant pathogens like F. oxysporum (Soytong et al 2001;El-Deeb and Arab 2013). When the focus was on soil borne plant pathogenic fungi only F. oxysporum (relative abundance 3.9 %), R. solani (relative abundance 5.3 %) were detected in the soil at high frequency.…”

Identification and Characterization of Pathogenic and Endophytic Fungal Species Associated with Pokkah Boeng Disease of Sugarcane

“…There are several commercial products containing fungal biocontrol agents, which can reduce disease severity directly through the production of antifungal compounds or by inducing the host plant defense responses ( Butts and Krysan, 2012 ; Schulz et al, 2002 ). For example, Acremonium isolated from date palm reduced wilt symptoms by up to 87% when antagonized with Fusarium albedinis in vivo ( El-Deeb and Arab, 2013 ). In contrast, there is also evidence that the interaction between some fungi and other pathogens may lead to an increase in disease severity.…”

A comprehensive review on soft rot disease management in ginger (Zingiber officinale) for enhancing its pharmaceutical and industrial values

“… [ 41 , 65 , 150 , 151 ] Trichoderma viride T. harzianum T. koningii T. virens Fusarium oxysporum f.sp zingiberi [ 150 ] Rhizopycnis vagum P. myriotylum [ 152 ] Colletotrichum trunctatum Fusarium oxysporum Scleorotinia sclerotiorum [ 153 , 154 ] F. oxysporum Fusarium oxysporum [ 155 ] Trichoderma sp M. roreri [ 156 ] Avremonium sp . Fusarium oxysporum, F. albedinis [ 157 ] Bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens . P. chlororaphis P. aeruginosa P. putida P. aurantiaca Burkholderia cepacian R. leguminosarum Pythium ultimum Fusarium oxysporum f. sp.…”