I. A guide to the clinical examination, chemical restraint and medication of the camel

Higgins, A.J.; Kock, Richard

doi:10.1016/0007-1935(84)90045-9

Cited by 48 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…This observation corroborates earlier findings by Higgins and Kock (1984). The finding in this study suggests the need for further studies on the haemolytic complement level of different breed, sex and age in camels to give comprehensive information on generally acceptable baseline data.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Studies on Serum Haemolytic Complement and Haematological Parameters in Apparently Healthy Dromedary Camels (<i>Camelus Dromedarius</i>) in Northern Nigeria

Kumshe¹,

Mbaya²,

Geidam³

et al. 2011

Nig. Vet. J.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Studies on Serum Haemolytic Complement and Haematological Parameters in Apparently Healthy Dromedary Camels (<i>Camelus Dromedarius</i>) in Northern Nigeria

Kumshe¹,

Mbaya²,

Geidam³

et al. 2011

Nig. Vet. J.

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“…Ca values in Omani camels were at the lower range compared to Saudi camels (7.6-13.1 mg·dL -1 ), Al-Busadah, 2007); UAE camels (11.3 mmol/L; Ayoub and Saleh, 1998) and temperate camels (11.5 mg·dL -1 , Faye et al, 1995). Nonetheless, extremely lower ranges (1.6-2.8 mmol/L) were reported in some studies (Higgins and Kock, 1986;McGrane and Kenyon, 1984;Mohamed et al, 2007). Osman and Al-Busadah (2003) reported values of 9.0 mEq/l for Saudi camels and Wernery et al (1999) There were no differences between Ca values obtained for female camels in the current study and values reported for non-rutting male camels (Zia-Rahman et al, 2007).…”

Section: Calcium (Ca)mentioning

confidence: 85%

“…Mean K values in Omani camels of 4.23±0.42 mmol/L (range of 6.5-8.7 mmol/L) were comparable to those reported for Saudi camels (2.9-6.2 mmol/L by Al-Busadah, 2007;4.2-6.8 mmol/L by Al-Shami, 2009;4.0 by Osman and Al-Busadah, 2003); UAE (4.2 mmol/L by Ayoub and Saleh, 1998;3.5-5.5 by Wernery et al, 1999); Sudanese (Omer et al, 2008;McGrane and Kenyon, 1984); Nigerian (Mohamed et al, 2007); Egyptian (4.29 mmol/L by Seleim et al, 2003), and other camels (Higgins and Kock, 1986). Kuwaiti camels had levels of 3.0-4.7 mEq/L ( Mohamed and Hussein, 1999);…”

Section: Potassium (K)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum biochemistry parameters in the Omani racing Arabian camels (Camelus dromedarius)

ElTahir

Ali²,

Hago³

et al. 2016

Jour. Agri. & Mar. Scie.

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Blood samples were collected from thirty, 2-year old female Arabian camels from the eastern region of Oman. Camels were managed in the traditional way in the Arabian Gulf region, primarily fed fresh alfalfa and barley grain. Blood was drawn into serum vaccutainers from jugular venipuncture. Serum samples were analyzed by spectrophotometric analysis using a CX7/CX7 serum chemistry analyzer (Synchron, Beckman). Means, standard deviations and minimum and maximum values were calculated using Excel spreadsheets on Microsoft Office 2007. The SAS (2000) package was used to produce coefficient of determination (R2) between the eight serum mineral values. The following mean values Å} standard deviation were recorded: glucose: 92.8Å}19.2 mg/dL; total protein (TP): 6.17 Å} 0.34 g/dL; albumin: 32.21 Å} 9.933 mg/dL; blood urea nitrogen (BUN): 15.48 Å} 4.49 mg/dL; creatinine: 1.64 Å} 0.238 mg/dL; uric acid: 0.28 Å} 0.041 mg/dL; total globulins (TG): 0.28 Å} 0.041 mg/dL; cholesterol: 40.52 Å} 13.225 mg/dL; total bilirubin: 0.34Å}0.124 mg/dL; alkaline phosphatase (ALP): 113.9Å}29.75 (IU/L); aspartate aminotransferase (AST): 88.8Å}70.03 (IU/L); alanine aminotransferase (ALT): 13.3Å}5.97 (IU/L); Gamma-Glutamyl Transpeptidase (GGT): 21.3Å}10.18 (IU/L); lactate dehydrogenase (LD); 419.9Å}160.38 (IU/L); Creatine kinase (CK): 46.3Å}16.2 (IU/L); sodium (Na): 144.5Å}5.80 mmol/L; potassium (K): 4.23Å}0.42 mmol/L; calcium (Ca): 9.63Å}0.43; phosphorus (P): 9.56?Å}0.76 mg/dL; iron (Fe): 107.8Å}25.54 μg/dl; copper (Cu): 72.5Å}8.08 μg/dl; chlorine (Cl): 113.0Å}4.52 mmol/L. Findings of the current study provide baseline values that may be used by clinicians for racing camels in Oman. There were some significant correlations especially between macro minerals (Na, Ca, K, and P) that may be used to estimate their values with less cost by reducing the number of elements to be analyzed.

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“…Haemoglobin concentration was also measured using a spectrophotometer (Hitachi 4020, Boehringer Ingelheim, Germany) with the cyanmethemoglobin method following the manufacturer instructions. Animals that presented an RBC below 7.6 × 10 9 mL -1 , a WBC above or below 2.9-9.7 × 10 6 mL -1 , neutrophils count above or below 33-77%, lymphocytes count above or below 21-62% and PCV below 24% (normal ranges taken from Higgins and Koch [10]) were excluded (n = 43).…”

Section: Laboratory Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of blood glutathione peroxidase activity in the dromedary camel

Corbera¹,

Gutiérrez²,

Morales³

et al. 2001

Vet. Res.

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-Blood glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) levels in 709 normal dromedary camels (442 females and 267 males) were assessed in the Canary Islands. All animals were intensively reared, and three different nutritional systems were evaluated, depending on selenium content of the diet. Mean GSH-Px level in the total population was 288.5 ± 157.2 IU⋅g -1 Hb. Reference ranges were estimated and enzymatic activities below 51 IU⋅g -1 Hb were considered inadequate. GSH-Px activities obtained in females (298.1 ± 155.7 IU⋅g -1 Hb) were significantly (P = 0.037) higher than in males (272.6 ± 157.2 IU⋅g -1 Hb). When age groups were compared, only males between 6 and 12 months old exhibited significantly lower mean GSH-Px (P = 0.006) than females. A high correlation (r = 0.88) between serum selenium concentration and blood GSH-Px activity was estimated, and the regression equation was y = 2.5101x + 42.423. Selenium content of the diet above 0.1 mg⋅kg -1 DM seems to supply adequate selenium requirements for dromedaries under intensive husbandry. dromedary / camel / nutritional myodegeneration / glutathione peroxidase / seleniumRésumé -Détermination des niveaux sanguins de glutathion péroxydase chez le dromadaire. Les niveaux de glutathion péroxydase (GSH-Px) dans le sang de 709 dromadaires sains (442 femelles et 267 mâles) ont été mesurés dans les Îles Canaries. Tous les animaux ont reçu un élevage intensif et trois systèmes de nutrition ont été évalués en fonction du contenu en sélenium de l'alimentation. L'activité moyenne de GSH-Px dans l'ensemble de la population a été évaluée à 288,5 ± 157,2 IU⋅g -1 Hb. Les intervalles de référence ont été estimés et les activités enzymatiques en dessous de 51 IU⋅g -1 Hb ont été considérées insuffisantes. Les activités GSH-Px obtenues chez les femelles (298,1 ± 155,7 IU⋅g -1 Hb) étaient significativement (P = 0,037) plus élevées que chez les mâles (272,6 ± 157,2 IU⋅g -1 Hb). Quand les groupes d'âge ont été comparés, seuls les mâles âgés de 6 à 12 mois montrèrent une valeur moyenne de GSH-Px significativement (P = 0,006) plus basse que les Vet. Res. 32 (2001) 185-191 185

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I. A guide to the clinical examination, chemical restraint and medication of the camel

Cited by 48 publications

References 5 publications

Studies on Serum Haemolytic Complement and Haematological Parameters in Apparently Healthy Dromedary Camels (<i>Camelus Dromedarius</i>) in Northern Nigeria

Studies on Serum Haemolytic Complement and Haematological Parameters in Apparently Healthy Dromedary Camels (<i>Camelus Dromedarius</i>) in Northern Nigeria

Serum biochemistry parameters in the Omani racing Arabian camels (Camelus dromedarius)

Assessment of blood glutathione peroxidase activity in the dromedary camel

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