Serum biochemistry parameters in the Omani racing Arabian camels (Camelus dromedarius)

Abstract

Blood samples were collected from thirty, 2-year old female Arabian camels from the eastern region of Oman. Camels were managed in the traditional way in the Arabian Gulf region, primarily fed fresh alfalfa and barley grain. Blood was drawn into serum vaccutainers from jugular venipuncture. Serum samples were analyzed by spectrophotometric analysis using a CX7/CX7 serum chemistry analyzer (Synchron, Beckman). Means, standard deviations and minimum and maximum values were calculated using Excel spreadsheets on Microsoft Office 2007. The SAS (2000) package was used to produce coefficient of determination (R2) between the eight serum mineral values. The following mean values Å} standard deviation were recorded: glucose: 92.8Å}19.2 mg/dL; total protein (TP): 6.17 Å} 0.34 g/dL; albumin: 32.21 Å} 9.933 mg/dL; blood urea nitrogen (BUN): 15.48 Å} 4.49 mg/dL; creatinine: 1.64 Å} 0.238 mg/dL; uric acid: 0.28 Å} 0.041 mg/dL; total globulins (TG): 0.28 Å} 0.041 mg/dL; cholesterol: 40.52 Å} 13.225 mg/dL; total bilirubin: 0.34Å}0.124 mg/dL; alkaline phosphatase (ALP): 113.9Å}29.75 (IU/L); aspartate aminotransferase (AST): 88.8Å}70.03 (IU/L); alanine aminotransferase (ALT): 13.3Å}5.97 (IU/L); Gamma-Glutamyl Transpeptidase (GGT): 21.3Å}10.18 (IU/L); lactate dehydrogenase (LD); 419.9Å}160.38 (IU/L); Creatine kinase (CK): 46.3Å}16.2 (IU/L); sodium (Na): 144.5Å}5.80 mmol/L; potassium (K): 4.23Å}0.42 mmol/L; calcium (Ca): 9.63Å}0.43; phosphorus (P): 9.56?Å}0.76 mg/dL; iron (Fe): 107.8Å}25.54 μg/dl; copper (Cu): 72.5Å}8.08 μg/dl; chlorine (Cl): 113.0Å}4.52 mmol/L. Findings of the current study provide baseline values that may be used by clinicians for racing camels in Oman. There were some significant correlations especially between macro minerals (Na, Ca, K, and P) that may be used to estimate their values with less cost by reducing the number of elements to be analyzed.

Impact of travel by walk and road on testicular hormones, oxidants, traces minerals, and acute phase response biomarkers of dromedary camels

“…All transported camels had higher ALT concentrations. The values reported for transported males are similar to the maximum values reported for young not transported female camels ( Eltahir et al., 2016 ). In female dromedaries, AST and ALT enzymes were neither affected by season nor age ( Ali et al., 2008 ).…”

“…Though dehydration in winter and summer in dromedary camels decreased creatinine, rehydration increased these levels (Kataria et al, 2007). Values of creatinine of camel bulls of the current study lie within the range of young female camels 1.3-2.2 mg/dl (Eltahir et al, 2016).…”

“…distant by walk, and control camels had the highest ALP concentrations. All camels had ALP concentrations within the normal range (50-187U/L) reported for female young camels (Eltahir et al, 2016). Not only the stress induced by truck transport decreased iron in camels of this study but also surgical castration and vaccination induced the same effect, but resulted in a more intensive systemic inflammatory stimulus (Greunz et al, 2018).…”

“…Testosterone is one of the anabolic steroids and the decrease of its concentrations after long walk travel refers to the adaptation of camel to the longer intervals of food and water deprivation by decreasing their metabolic rate ( Baghshani et al, 2010 ). Though total cholesterol of camel transported by truck was lower than long walk travel and control, their cholesterol concentrations lied within the range (40–77 mg/dl) reported for dromedaries ( Eltahir et al, 2016 ; Mohammed et al, 2007 ). Contrary, camels transported by truck for 5h along 300km during August had a slight non-significant change of 1h during the journey compared up to 5h after transport ( Saeb et al, 2010 ).…”

“…Glucose concentrations in transported and traveled camels of this study were lower than control. Though the values of glucose in our camel are within the normal range (56–158 mg/dl) of young female camels bred for racing ( Eltahir et al., 2016 ), the decrease of glucose in transported camels of our study could be attributed to the decreased food intake, dehydration, and thirst ( Kataria and Kataria 2004 ; Kataria et al., 2007 ) with the ability of camels to decrease their blood glucose under stressful conditions ( Badakhshan and Mirmahmoudi, 2016 ). In agreement with our results, young bulls got low plasma glucose after transport ( Cafazzo et al., 2012 ).…”