Hysteroscopy in postmenopausal bleeding

Tandulwadkar, Sunita; Deshmukh, Prashant; Lodha, Pooja; Agarwal, Bhavana

doi:10.4103/0974-1216.71614

Cited by 22 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The study of Allameh et al 18 presents the results 100% sensitivity of hysteroscopy and specificity of 80.5%, the study of Tandulwadkar et al 19 , 97% and 98%, and Barati et al 20 , 98.7% and 99%, respectively. The study of Allameh et al 18 presents the results 100% sensitivity of hysteroscopy and specificity of 80.5%, the study of Tandulwadkar et al 19 , 97% and 98%, and Barati et al 20 , 98.7% and 99%, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

The role of hysteroscopy in diagnosis and treatment of postmenopausal bleeding

Pop-Trajkovic-Dinic

Ljubić²,

Kopitović

et al. 2013

VOJNOSANIT PREGL

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Hysteroscopy is a safe, highly sensitive diagnostic procedure, thus being an ideal method for evaluation of patients with postmenopausal bleeding. The application of hysteroscopy with endometrial biopsy leads to accurate diagnosis. An adequate diagnosis is crucial for the selection of relevant treatment of postmenopausal bleeding and avoidance of unnecessary major surgical procedures. Except for being a diagnostic method hysteroscopy, is also an outpatient minimally invasive surgical procedure for treating the cause of bleeding in the majority of cases in the same sitting.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

The role of hysteroscopy in diagnosis and treatment of postmenopausal bleeding

Pop-Trajkovic-Dinic

Ljubić²,

Kopitović

et al. 2013

VOJNOSANIT PREGL

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“…14%. 16 Tinelli et al, conducted a prospective study in 2008 on 752 postmenopausal women with abnormal uterine bleeding underwent TVS and outpatient hysteroscopy with eye directed biopsy. It was concluded that hysteroscopy gave more accurate diagnostic method for detection of endometrial pathology than TVS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hysteroscopy: an effective tool in post-menopausal bleeding

Junnare

Desai

Shekhawat

2018

Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynecol

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Background: Postmenopausal bleeding is a condition where endometrial carcinoma is to be ruled out. Traditionally, D and C is the preferred method for diagnosis in such condition. Other diagnostic modalities like trans vaginal ultrasonography (TVS) and hysteroscopy are being used for diagnosis in the cases of PMB. The objective of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and accuracy of TVS and hysteroscopy in women with postmenopausal bleeding (PMB).Methods: One hundred postmenopausal women with vaginal bleeding underwent TVS and hysteroscopy. Endometrial tissue was obtained by curettage and sent for histopathology examination. The results of TVS and Hysteroscopy were compared against HP report.Results: Hysteroscopy was successful in 98 patients. Endometrial histopathology revealed proliferative, secretory and atrophic endometrium in 26, 7 and 23 patients respectively. Polyp was diagnosed in 13 patients. Endometrial hyperplasia was detected in 11 patients and endometrial malignancy in 14 patients. All patients with endometrial hyperplasia and malignancy had ET (endometrial thickness) more than 4 mm, except one patient with endometrial malignancy who had 4 mm ET. The sensitivity and specificity of TVS for suspecting endometrial pathology at ET 4mm were 93% and 69.6%, respectively. Hysteroscopy had sensitivity of 95.2%, specificity of 92.8%, with diagnostic accuracy of 93.8%.Conclusions: Hysteroscopy was found to be the more sensitive and specific than Transvaginal sonography for diagnosing endometrial pathologies. Hysteroscopy is safe and effective for detecting endometrial pathologies in patients with PMB.

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“…[3] The average age of menopause in Asian women is 46 years. [4] In this era, trends in life expectancy show that women are living longer and many will experience the postmenopausal phase. Genital tract bleeding is an alarming symptom in this age group.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histopathological Evaluation of Postmenopausal Bleeding

Karmarkar¹,

Wilkinson²,

Rathod³

2014

IOSRJDMS

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Post menopausal bleeding is generally regarded as an ominous and serious alarm of genital pathologies. The term "post menopausal bleeding" generally implies bleeding from the uterus and it is essentially the only bleeding of importance at the postmenopausal age. However in the practical sense the term also includes some instances of bleeding from the vagina, urethra or vulva, in which case a uterine source is held suspect until excluded. Being a symptom of varied etiologies and its strong association with malignancy, it should not be taken lightly. During the present hospital based cross sectional study, we aimed to find out the different histomorphological patterns of the endometrium and cervix, to assess the rate of different benign, premalignant and malignant conditions as a cause of postmenopausal bleeding. 250 specimens were selected. The material for the study was collected from the endometrial curettings, cervical biopsies and hysterectomy specimens sent for histopathological examination. Benign conditions were seen in 206 (82.4%) cases which included atrophic endometrium, proliferative endometrium, secretory endometrium, endometrial polyp, leiomyoma, tuberculous endometritis and simple cystic hyperplasia cases. Premalignant conditions such as hyperplasia with atypia were seen in 18 (7.2%) cases. Endometrial adenocarcinoma, cervical squamous cell carcinoma and Mixed Mullerian tumor [MMT] were the malignant condition seen in 26 (10.4%) cases.

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Hysteroscopy in postmenopausal bleeding

Cited by 22 publications

References 6 publications

The role of hysteroscopy in diagnosis and treatment of postmenopausal bleeding

The role of hysteroscopy in diagnosis and treatment of postmenopausal bleeding

Hysteroscopy: an effective tool in post-menopausal bleeding

Histopathological Evaluation of Postmenopausal Bleeding

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