Hysteresis-less mesoscopic CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite hybrid solar cells by introduction of Li-treated TiO2 electrode

Heo, Jin Hyuck; You, Myoung Sang; Chang, Min; Yin, Wenping; Ahn, Tae Kyu; Lee, Sang Ju; Sung, Shi‐Joon; Kim, Dae Hwan; Im, Sang Hyuk

doi:10.1016/j.nanoen.2015.05.014

Cited by 249 publications

(217 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Im group developed a Li-treated mesoscopic TiO 2 photoanode with a lower conduction band edge and better conductivity in comparison with the untreated one. [ 144 ] The resulting PSC device showed a superior PCE of up to 17.25% and no signifi cant hysteretic effect was observed in its J-V curve ( Figure 16 a). The Ginger group added Zr into the Ti precursor solution (Zr/Ti molar ratio of 5%) in the synthesis of TiO 2 .…”

Section: Hysteresis-free Pscmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Recent Advances in Improving the Stability of Perovskite Solar Cells

Tiệp

Fan

2015

Advanced Energy Materials

315

242

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Organometal trihalide perovskites have recently emerged as promising materials for low‐cost, high‐efficiency solar cells. In less than five years, the efficiency of perovskite solar cells (PSC) has been updated rapidly as a result of new strategies adopted in their fabrication process, including device structure, interfacial engineering, chemical compositional tuning, and crystallization kinetics control. To date, the best PSC efficiency has reached 20.1%, which is close to that of single crystal silicon solar cells. However, the stability of PSC devices is still unsatisfactory and is the main bottleneck impeding their commercialization. Here, we summarize recent studies on the degradation mechanisms of organometal trihalide perovskites in PSC devices, and the strategies for stability improvement.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Hysteresis-free Pscmentioning

confidence: 97%

Recent Advances in Improving the Stability of Perovskite Solar Cells

Tiệp

Fan

2015

Advanced Energy Materials

315

242

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“…However, the hysteresis in the photocurrent-voltage curves of these devices raises concerns about the intrinsic stability of organometal halide perovskites. It was found that enhancing the electron conductivity and mobility of mesoporous TiO 2 by doping could reduce the hysteresis 58,59 . For example, Li-doped mesoporous TiO 2 electrodes have demonstrated superior electronic properties by reducing electronic trap states, which enables fast electron transport, thereby improving the PCE from 17% to more than 19% with negligible hysteretic behaviour (that is, lower than 0.3%) 60 .…”

Section: Solar Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mesoporous materials for energy conversion and storage devices

2016

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At present, more than 80% of the energy consumed globally is derived from non-renewable fossil fuels such as coal, oil and natural gas. The combustion of these fuels inevitably leads to the emission of CO 2 -a main driver of climate change and other serious environmental effects, including the emission of other dangerous gases. Although mitigating climate change is a multifaceted challenge, one of the pillars of any future low-carbon economy will be a substantially increased dependence on renewable and environmentally friendly energy sources and storage systems. Tremendous progress is being made in developing advanced technologies to meet these challenges. However, to enable the cost-effective, large-scale production of these technologies, further improvement of performance and efficiency is needed. Although unique challenges exist for each technology, the development of functional materials is crucial.Porous solids -in particular, mesoporous solids -are appealing materials in many energy applications owing to their ability to absorb and interact with guest species (including, but not limited to, lithium ions, hydrogen atoms and sulfur molecules) on their outer and inner surfaces, and in the pore spaces 1,2 . According to the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) definition, porous materials are classified into three categories according to their pore sizes: micro porous (<2 nm), mesoporous (2-50 nm) or macro porous (>50 nm). Since the first report of mesoporous silica in the 1990s 3,4 , the variety of mesoporous materials available has rapidly expanded, encompassing a very broad range of compositions.Mesoporous materials have exceptional properties, including ultrahigh surface areas, large pore volumes, tunable pore sizes and shapes, and also exhibit nanoscale effects in their mesochannels and on their pore walls. These features are particularly advantageous for applications in energy conversion and storage [5][6][7][8][9][10] . In principle, high surface areas should provide a large number of reaction or interaction sites for surface or interface-related processes such as adsorption, separation, catalysis and energy storage; however, a high surface area does not necessarily translate to an improved performance in applications. Large pore volumes have shown promise in the loading of guest species and in the accommodation of the expansion and strain relaxation during repeated electrochemical energy storage processes. Uniform and tunable mesopore channels facilitate the transport of atoms, ions and large molecules through the bulk of the material, thereby increasing the number of active sites with high accessibility and overcoming the size restriction encountered with microporous materials. In addition, there are fascinating nanoconfinement effects in the voids of uniform mesochannels, which are advantageous in catalysis and energy storage. 3D nanometre-sized frameworks can produce extraordinary nanoscale effects (that is, surface and quantum effects) that result in mesoporous materials with u...

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“…Li treatment is usually performed for the high-efficiency solar cells, because it has a beneficial role in passivating the surface traps and improving electron injection. [20,25] We compare in Figure 4 a the J-V curves with and without Li-treated TiO 2 electrodes and/or rGO. Note that without the Li treatment the performances are overall reduced with PCE values of around 17 %, as shown in Table 1.…”

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confidence: 99%

Beneficial Role of Reduced Graphene Oxide for Electron Extraction in Highly Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells

et al. 2016

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In this work we systematically investigated the role of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) in hybrid perovskite solar cells (PSCs). By mixing rGO within the mesoporous TiO 2 (m-TiO 2 ) matrix, highly efficient solar cells with power conversion efficiency values up to 19.54 % were realized. In addition, the boosted beneficial role of rGO with and without Li-treated m-TiO 2 is highlighted, improving transport and injection of photoexcited electrons. This combined system may pave the way for further development and optimization of electron transport and collection in high efficiency PSCs.Since its isolation in 2004, [1] graphene has had a huge impact on applications in optoelectronic and photon energy conversion, owing to its unique electronic, optical, and mechanical properties. [2][3][4][5] The development of solution-processable graphene, such as the chemical exfoliation of graphite into graphene oxide, allowed the functionalization and processing of graphene, extending its use in the different layers of solutionprocessable solar cells. [6,7] Among different solar cell technologies, organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have been dominating the interest of the scientific research community for their impressive technological development with power conversion efficiency (PCE) values beyond 22 % in a short of six years of research. [8] However, further improvements are necessary to optimize the PSC device operation and stability, and enhance the device performance. From this point, mixed graphene-based derivatives have been proposed to further enhance the device properties. [7] Used in various forms and with different functionalities, either incorporated in mesoscopic or in planar device configuration, [9,10] functionalized reduced graphene oxide (rGO) derivatives have been successfully employed for improved charge extraction in the electrontransport material (ETM) [9,11,12] or hole-transport material (HTM) [13] in PSCs. Its ability to effectively reduce the chargerecombination pathways and decrease the leakage currents has been demonstrated, with a similar role as in organic solar cells. [14][15][16] However, all of the PCEs reported are limited to less than 14 % and the perovskite was not formed as a perfect film, which casts the doubt on the real beneficial role of rGO on high-efficiency PSCs. In contrast to many applications of carbon-based materials that are usually introduced at the perovskite/TiO 2 or perovskite/HTM interfaces, or in substitution of the HTM itself, [17,18] here we propose a systematic study by exploring three different configurations as shown in Figure 1.We integrated the rGO: 1) in the 2,2',7,7'-tetrakis(N,N'-di-pmethoxyphenylamine)-9,9'-spirobifluorene (spiro-OMeTAD) HTM, 2) in the matrix of the active perovskite layer, and 3) within the mesoporous TiO 2 (m-TiO 2 ) ETM. In this study, mesoscopic PSCs are composed of a fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO)-coated glass substrate, a compact TiO 2 layer followed by a m-TiO 2 layer, a mixed (FAPbI 3 ) 0.85 (MAPbBr 3 ) 0.15 (FA = formamidin...

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Hysteresis-less mesoscopic CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite hybrid solar cells by introduction of Li-treated TiO2 electrode

Cited by 249 publications

References 49 publications

Recent Advances in Improving the Stability of Perovskite Solar Cells

Recent Advances in Improving the Stability of Perovskite Solar Cells

Mesoporous materials for energy conversion and storage devices

Beneficial Role of Reduced Graphene Oxide for Electron Extraction in Highly Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells

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