Synergetic photothermal/photodynamic/chemotherapy receives
significant
attention for precise in vivo cancer treatment. Despite
plenty of encouraging photosensitizers explored, integrated nanoagents
with multiple functions are still highly desired. In this study, novel
nanocomposites coupling black phosphorus (BP) nanosheets, gold nanorods
(AuNRs), carbon nanodots (CDs), and doxorubicin (Dox) are prepared.
The nanoagents exhibit high antitumor activity on account of their
broad light absorption, excellent catalytic ability, and significant
photothermal and photodynamic effects. CDs not only emit bright fluorescence
for accurate diagnosis and guiding of tumor treatment but also catalyze
the generation of ROS for photodynamic therapy (PDT). The released
Dox induces apoptosis of cells and increases the levels of H2O2 to promote PDT. AuNRs are the main photothermal therapy
(PTT) material that converts light into heat. Moreover, BP can be
used to enhance both PTT and PDT efficiencies, and the two therapy
modes can be cooperatively reinforced. It is also found that the local
immune microenvironment of the tumors is activated. The strategy makes
good use of the features of each component. Satisfactory antitumor
phenomena are well confirmed by in vitro and in vivo results. This study provides new insights into enhanced
synergetic therapy, highlighting the great utility of BP-based nanoagents
in the field of nanomedicine.