Hypothyroidism-induced Reversible Encephalopathy as a Cause of Aggravation of Parkinsonism and Myoclonus in Parkinson’s Disease

Ehm, Gwanhee; Kim, Han Joon; Jeon, Beomseok

doi:10.7916/d8bp0f9f

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 5 publications

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“…Movement disorders may also occur after abrupt change of thyroid medication. Recently, Ehm and colleagues 70 reported a hypothyroid patient with reversible myoclonus and encephalopathy which developed after accidentally stopping levothyroxine.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thyroid Disorders and Movement Disorders—A Systematic Review

Schneider

Tschaidse

Reisch

2023

Movement Disord Clin Pract

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Background There is overlap between movement disorders and neuroendocrine abnormalities. Objectives and methods To provide a systematic review on the association of thyroid dysfunction and movement disorders. Thyroid physiological function and classical thyroid disorders highlighting typical and atypical manifestations including movement disorders, as well as diagnostic procedures, and treatments are discussed. Results Hypothyroidism may be associated with hypokinetic and hyperkinetic disorders. There is debate whether their concomitance reflects a causal link, is coincidence, or the result of one unmasking the other. Hypothyroidism‐associated parkinsonism may resemble idiopathic Parkinson's disease. Hypothyroidism‐associated hyperkinetic disorders mainly occur in the context of steroid‐responsive encephalopathy with autoimmune thyroiditis, that is, Hashimoto disease, mostly manifesting with tremor, myoclonus, and ataxia present in 28–80%, 42–65% and 33–65% in larger series. Congenital hypothyroidism manifesting with movement disorders, mostly chorea and dystonia, due to Mendelian genetic disease are rare. Hyperthyroidism on the other hand mostly manifests with hyperkinetic movement disorders, typically tremor (present in three quarters of patients). Chorea (present in about 2% of hyperthyroid patients), dystonia, myoclonus, ataxia and paroxysmal movement disorders, as well as parkinsonism have also been reported, with correlation between movement intensity and thyroid hormone levels. On a group level, studies on the role of thyroid dysfunction as a risk factor for the development of PD remain non‐conclusive. Conclusions In view of the treatability of movement disorders associated with thyroid disease, accurate diagnosis is important. The pathophysiology remains poorly understood. More detailed case documentation and systematic studies, along with experimental studies are needed.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thyroid Disorders and Movement Disorders—A Systematic Review

Schneider

Tschaidse

Reisch

2023

Movement Disord Clin Pract

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Panhypopituitarism and Central Hypothyroidism Presenting as Myoclonus and Hyperreflexia

Nadeem¹,

Khan²,

Nadeem³

et al. 2023

Cureus

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Panhypopituitarism may present with symptoms of predominantly one or more hormonal deficiencies. Central hypothyroidism usually presents with typical symptoms of hypothyroidism, such as fatigue, weight gain, menstrual abnormalities, bradycardia, thick, coarse skin, muscle fasciculations, and hyporeflexia, among others. Herein we present a case of central hypothyroidism along with panhypopituitarism presenting with unusual symptoms of tongue fasciculation, hyperreflexia, and myoclonic jerks.

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Hypothyroidism-induced Reversible Encephalopathy as a Cause of Aggravation of Parkinsonism and Myoclonus in Parkinson’s Disease

Cited by 2 publications

References 5 publications

Thyroid Disorders and Movement Disorders—A Systematic Review

Thyroid Disorders and Movement Disorders—A Systematic Review

Panhypopituitarism and Central Hypothyroidism Presenting as Myoclonus and Hyperreflexia

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