Hypolipidemic effects of β‐cyclodextrin in the hamster and in the genetically hypercholesterolemic rico rat

Abstract

The effect of increasing amounts of a cyclic oligosaccharide, beta-cyclodextrin (BCD), included in the diet on plasma cholesterol and triglycerides, was investigated in two animal models, namely in male genetically hypercholesterolemic Rico rats and in male Syrian hamsters. The distribution of bile acids in the gastrointestinal tract and in the feces of hamsters was also determined. In the Rico rats and hamsters, plasma cholesterol and triglycerides decreased linearly with increasing doses of BCD. In these two species, 20% BCD as compared to control diet lowered cholesterolemia (-35%) and triglyceridemia (-70%). In the hamster, the BCD diet caused a marked decrease in cholesterol and triglycerides in chylomicrons and very low density lipoprotein, and in high density lipoproteins cholesterol. Composition and amounts of bile acids were modified in the gastrointestinal tract of hamsters receiving 10% BCD as compared to the control group. The total bile acid content of the gallbladder of treated hamsters was fourfold higher than in the control group, and the bile contained a large amount of hydrophilic bile acids. This trend was also observed in the small intestine, in which percentages and total quantities of cholic plus deoxycholic acids (cholic pathway) were higher than those of chenodeoxycholic plus ursodeoxycholic plus lithocholic acids (chenodeoxycholic pathway). The bile acid contents of the cecum and colon of treated hamsters were 2.7-fold higher than those of control animals, but the bile acid composition was similar in the two groups of hamsters.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Lactosucrose Inhibits Body Fat Accumulation in Rats by Decreasing Intestinal Lipid Absorption

“…Several oligosaccharides have a hypolipidemic effect. 5,[12][13][14][15] In the present study, we examined the effect of LS on lipid absorption by comparing oral triolein tolerance in the presence and absence of LS. LS reduced the elevation of serum TG level induced by oral triolein given to rats together with LS, suggesting that LS inhibited intestinal lipid absorption.…”

Apolipoprotein A-I, Phospholipid Vesicles, and Cyclodextrins as Potential Anti-Atherosclerotic Drugs: Delivery, Pharmacokinetics, and Efficacy

“…Hydroxyalkylated CDs such as hydroxypropyl -b -CD (hp-b -CD) are > 50-fold more soluble in water than native precursors and hence do not precipitate lipoproteins, and unlike their native cousins, are nontoxic to animals (Olivier et al 1991;Riottot et al 1993;Ferezou et al 1997) including humans (Salehian et al 1995). In addition, they solubilize both cholesterol and its oxidised derivative-7-ketocholesterol (7KC; Kritharides et al 1996).…”

“…Hydrogen and glycoside oxygen atoms are oriented toward the pore, thereby rendering it hydrophobic . b -CD has the capacity to form inclusion complexes with various molecules, especially bile acids and sterols (Riottot et al 1993;Klein et al 1995). Such binding hinders the absorption of bile acids and sterols from the small intestine.…”

“…b -CDs have high af nity for sterols compared with other lipids, making these second generation compounds more effective in modifying cholesterol metabolism in vivo (Riottot et al 1993).…”

“…This favors hypocholesterolemia (Riottot et al 1993;Levrat et al 1994). b -CD is fermented mainly to propionate in the large intestine (Levrat et al 1994;Moundras et al 1994).…”