Hypolipidemic Effects of Alkaloids from Rhizoma Coptidis in Diet-Induced Hyperlipidemic Hamsters

Abstract

This study was conducted to evaluate the antihyperlipidemic activity of five major alkaloids in Rhizoma Coptidis using high-fat- and high-cholesterol-induced hyperlipidemic hamsters. Hyperlipidemic hamsters were treated with coptisine, berberine, jatrorrhizine, palmatine, epiberberine, and total Rhizoma Coptidis alkaloids with a dose of 46.7?mg/kg???day for 140 days. Serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and total bile acids were examined after alkaloid treatment. The results showed that all therapy agents prevented body weight gain, reduced the serum total cholesterol, and increased the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol of hamsters. Berberine, jatrorrhizine, and total Rhizoma Coptidis alkaloids decreased the triglyceride level in hyperlipidemic hamsters, while coptisine, jatrorrhizine, palmatine, and total Rhizoma Coptidis alkaloids significantly suppressed the elevation of the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level. The fecal excretion of bile acids was significantly elevated by berberine, coptisine, jatrorrhizine, palmatine, total Rhizoma Coptidis alkaloids, and orlistat. Notably, total Rhizoma Coptidis alkaloids possess a much stronger lipid-lowering effect than the pure Rhizoma Coptidis alkaloids. Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analyses revealed that Rhizoma Coptidis alkaloids could retard the synthesis of cholesterol by downregulating the mRNA expression of 3-hydroxy-3-methyl glutaryl coenzyme A reductase and accelerate the clearance of lipids by upregulating the low-density lipoprotein receptor, cholesterol 7?-hydroxylase, and uncoupling protein-2 expression. These findings highlight the critical role of Rhizoma Coptidis alkaloids in hyperlipidemia treatment. Thus, they need to be considered in future therapeutic approaches.

Rhizoma Coptidis alkaloids alleviate hyperlipidemia in B6 mice by modulating gut microbiota and bile acid pathways

“…Modern researches have revealed that RC also exhibits hepatoprotective [15], lowering of blood cholesterol [16], antineoplastic [17] and anti-inflammatory effects [18]. Our preliminary study suggested that the hypolipidemic effects of RC alkaloids mainly attributed to the mediation of lipids metabolism related pathways in diet-induced hyperlipidemic hamsters [19]. Nevertheless, the bioavailability of RC alkaloids is below 5%, most of alkaloids are passed out of the rat body in the faeces.…”

Metabolic profile of Rhizoma coptidis in human plasma determined using ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with high‐resolution mass spectrometry

“…Rhizoma coptidis , commonly known as Huang Lian in China, has been one of the most important medicinal plants used for the treatment of various diseases in traditional Chinese medicine for more than 2000 years. In recent years, numerous scientific studies have demonstrated that Rhizoma coptidis and its main active constituents display a variety of activities including anti‐bacterial, anti‐cancer, anti‐hyperglycemic, anti‐hyperlipidemic, anti‐diabetic, anti‐obesity, anti‐inflammatory, radio‐protective and hepato‐protective effects . Moreover, Rhizoma coptidis and its isolated alkaloids have been reported to have cardio‐protective and neuro‐protective properties.…”

The Effect of Consumption Nata De Cocolawak on Lipid Serum Levels on Healthy Women

“…Quercetin reported can decrease in cholesterol, triglycerides and LDL value with parallel increase in HDL on clinical study [23]. In vitro studies investigated the anti-hyperlipidemia effect of the alkaloid rich extract some medicinal plants [24,25]. Curcumin reported had properties to lowered oxidative damage by neutralizing free radical species when they attack the lipid membrane [26].…”