Extract is basic material for herbal drug. Herbal drugs formulation requires consistent of biological activity, a consistent chemical profile, or simply a quality assurance programs that can be achieved by standardizing the extracts. The leaves of tahongai (Kleinhovia hospita L.) have been traditionally used in Komering ethnic groups as phytotherapy to cure the inflammation related diseases including cancer, furuncles, polyps, and tonsillitis. The aim of this study was to standardize the quality of ethanolic extract of tahongai leaves by determining the specific and non specific parameters of the extract. The preliminary phytochemical analysis revealed presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tanins, and steroids in the extract. The result of specific parameters analysis of the extracts showed that the organoleptic properties of ethanolic extract of tahongai leaves were thick, brownish black, has distinctive odor, astringent with slightly bitter taste, the water and ethanol soluble extractive content were 19.263% ± 0.95 and 18.30% ± 0.51 respectively. The nonspecific parameters analysis of the extract showed that the extract's density was 1.413 g/mL ± 0.04, the water content value was 21.16% ± 0.55, total ash content was 15.64% ± 0.75, acid insoluble ash content was 8.282% ± 0.28, Pb contamination content was 3.67 ppm, Cd contamination content was <0,0043 ppm, total bacteria contamination was 90.5 x 10 1 colony/g, and the total mold and yeast contamination was 1 x 10 1 colony/g.
One of the hepatotoxic condition is caused when consuming large amounts of drugs induced liver injury for a long period of time, such as in TB (tuberculosis) treatment [1]. One of the solutions to prevent the occurrence of hepatotoxicity symptoms in TB patients is by consuming temulawak (Curcuma xanthorriza Roxb.) supplements [2]. Temulawak supplement was given in the form of dessert nata de cocolawak to increase patient interest in consuming it because it is served in a better taste. Parameters product quality of food was determined based on SNI (Indonesian National Standard). This research was conducted in order to increase the economics and environment value of nata de coco products as a functional food. Based on the measurement results, the quality of nata de cocolawak products meets most of the SNI parameters for nata de coco products. Nata de cocolawak products have 9.56% of sugar, 2.11% of crude fiber, level of mineral content are 3.63 mg/Kg of iron, 58.25 mg/Kg of calcium, and 25.73 mg/Kg of zinc, level of metal contaminant are 0.005 ppm of Pb, 0.212 ppm of Cu, and negative levels for As. The Total plate count (TPC) on the product to measure microbial contamination is 5.5.102 CFU/g. Curcumin content as an active compound in the product is 1.306mg/g of sample. The treatment group had smaller ALT, AST, and ALP values than the placebo group. But statistically, these values did not differ significantly (p> 0.05).
Antidiabetic activity test of ethanol extract of seri leave (Muntingia calabura L.) rats induced by alloxan has been done. Male wistar albino rats are used as animal models which divided into 6 groups, normal group (aquadest), negative control group (Na CMC 0,5%), positive control group (glibenclamide0,43 mg/200 g of BW), and 1, 2, and 3 treatment groups (ethanol extract of seri leave 65, 130, dan 260 mg/kg of BW). Rats blood glucose level after induced intraperitoneally by alloxan130 mg/kg of BWcan be stated as diabetes when >200 mg/dL. Preprandial blood glucose levels are measured using DTN-410-K photometer, on day 0, 5, 10, and 15. The average result of AUC 0-15 and percentage of decreasing blood glucose level for positive control group are 2732,5 and 37,43%, and 3 treatment groups (65 mg/kg of BW, 130 mg/kg of BW, and 260 mg/kg of BW) 3105 and 28.90%; 2962.5and 32.16%; 2810 and 35.66%. These points indicated that the ethanol extract of seri leave have an antidiabetic activity and there is no significant difference compared with glibenclamide (p<0.05). Percentage of blood glucose decrease level the third treatment group so there is no significant difference compared with positive control group. According to the relation between percentages of blood glucose decrease level with dose, value of ED 50 of ethanol extract of seri leave is 692.424 mg/kg of BW.
Temulawak (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.), traditionally known as a medicinal plant which is effective in reducing blood lipid levels. In this study we made a nata de coco product fortified with temulawak juice called nata de cocolawak. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of supplementation of nata de cocolawak on total serum cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglyceride-cholesterol, and serum pancreatic lipase levels. Respondents in this study were healthy adult women who were divided into 2 groups, there are group 1 consuming nata de coco products and group 2 consuming nata de cocolawak products. Each product was given as much as 100 grams consumed 3 times a day for 30 days. Nata de cocolawak products contain ascorbic acid, catechins, rutin, quercetin, alkaloids, and curcumin. Supplementation of nata de cocolawak products can significantly reduce serum total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and serum pancreatic lipase levels (p <0.05) and significantly increase HDL-cholesterol levels (p < 0.05) compared to baseline data. While it is not significantly (p>0.05) increase triglyceride-cholesterol levels. In this study, we can prove that regular consumption of nata de cocolawak products can affect blood lipid profile.
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