Hypoglycemic symptoms in the absence of diabetes: Pilot evidence of clinical hypoglycemia in young women

Mongraw‐Chaffin, Morgana; Beavers, Daniel P.; McClain, Donald A.

doi:10.1016/j.jcte.2019.100202

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Moreover, reactive hypoglycemia, which refers to hypoglycemic symptoms and low blood glucose level that occurs in non-diabetic patients within 2–5 h after a meal [ 2 , 3 ] may be related to the above-mentioned conditions [ 4 ]. It has been observed in recent years that an increased number of individuals with symptoms suggesting hypoglycemia is being referred to the medical practitioners and/or dietitians [ 5 , 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to this fact, there are no specific biochemical guidelines for the diagnosis. The threshold of glycemia, which defines hypoglycemia in person without diabetes, has not been clearly established; the values found in the literature vary from 40 mg/dL to 70 mg/dL [ 2 , 5 , 7 , 8 ]. Currently, in order to diagnose hypoglycemia, all the elements of Whipple triad (symptoms typical for hypoglycemia, confirmation of low blood glucose levels, resolving symptoms after carbohydrate intake) are required to be present [ 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Metabolic Parameters in Patients with Suspected Reactive Hypoglycemia

Hall

Walicka

Pańczyk

et al. 2021

JPM

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Background: It remains unclear whether reactive hypoglycemia (RH) is a disorder caused by improper insulin secretion, result of eating habits that are not nutritionally balanced or whether it is a psychosomatic disorder. The aim of this study was to investigate metabolic parameters in patients admitted to the hospital with suspected RH. Methods: The study group (SG) included non-diabetic individuals with symptoms consistent with RH. The control group (CG) included individuals without hypoglycemic symptoms and any documented medical history of metabolic disorders. In both groups the following investigations were performed: fasting glucose and insulin levels, Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), 75 g five-hour Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) with an assessment of glucose and insulin and lipid profile evaluation. Additionally, Mixed Meal Tolerance Test (MMTT) was performed in SG. Results from OGTT and MMTT were analyzed in line with the non-standardized RH diagnostic criteria. Results: Forty subjects have been enrolled into SG. Twelve (30%) of those patients had hypoglycemic symptoms and glucose level ≤55 mg/dL during five-hour OGTT and have been diagnosed with RH. Ten (25%) subjects manifested hypoglycemic like symptoms without significant glucose decline. Patients with diagnosed RH had statistically significantly lower mean glucose at first (92.1 ± 37.9 mg/dL vs. 126.4 ± 32.5 mg/dL; LSD test: p < 0.001) and second (65.6 ± 19.3 mg/dL vs. 92.6 ± 19.3 mg/dL; LSD test: p < 0.001) hour of OGTT and insulin value (22.7 ± 10.9 lU/mL vs. 43.4 ± 35.0 lU/mL; LSD test: p < 0.001) at second hour of OGTT compared to the patients who did not meet the criteria of RH. Seventeen (43%) subjects from SG reported symptoms suggesting hypoglycemia during MMTT but none of them had glucose value lower than ≤55 mg/dL (68.7 ± 4.7 mg/dL). From the entire lipid profile, only mean total cholesterol value was significantly higher (p = 0.024) in SG in comparison with CG but did not exceed standard reference range. Conclusions: No metabolic disturbances have been observed in patients with diagnosed reactive hypoglycemia. Hyperinsulinemia has not been associated with glycemic declines in patients with this condition. Occurrence of pseudohypoglicemic symptoms and lower glucose value was more common after ingestion of glucose itself rather than after ingestion of a balanced meal. This could suggest an important role that nutritionally balanced diet may play in maintaining correct glucose and insulin levels in the postprandial period.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic Parameters in Patients with Suspected Reactive Hypoglycemia

Hall

Walicka

Pańczyk

et al. 2021

JPM

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“…Although this paper is an early step study of this method, the minimum amount of glucose that is detectable using this method is 50 mg/dL. Although 60 mg/dL is commonly cited as the lower limit of normal glucose, symptoms of hypoglycemia usually do not occur until 50 mg/dL [ 35 ]. Hence, this limit of detection is acceptable.…”

Section: Proposed Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feasibility Study of Glucose Concentration Measurement of Aqueous Solution Using Time Domain Reflected Signals

Saeedi

Chamaani

Fischer

2022

Sensors

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Recently, wideband microwave spectroscopy (WBMS) has been applied for material characterization. Blood glucose sensing through microwave spectroscopy is usually done with resonant frequency-domain methods. Time-domain (TD) WBMS is a low-cost and convenient technique that can be used for glucose sensing of the aqueous solution. In this paper, early research for the implementation of a TD dielectric spectroscopy setup for glucose concentration measurement is presented. TD reflected signals from water with different glucose content are calculated using inverse Laplace transform. The proposed setup is a quasi-monostatic setup in which measurements are done with two different devices in the frequency range of 0.1 to 6 GHz to make a comparison between frequency domain (FD) and TD methods. Frequency domain (FD) measurement is performed with VNA and two Vivaldi antennas. Then, TD data is obtained using the transforming option of VNA. Direct TD measurement is operated with a maximum length sequence (m-sequence) transceiver. Measurement and numerical results follow the same trend and show good agreement with each other. A monotonic relation between peaks of TD signals and the corresponding glucose concentration is achieved. The variation of the height of the reflected signal’s peak is 0.00002 and 0.0005 for each 50 mg/dl glucose concentration with FD measurements and direct TD measurements, respectively. The glucose concentration range of 25 mg/dl to 400 mg/dl is investigated, and the worst repeatability of this method is 3.65% for 300 mg/dl.

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“…Niezbędnym elementem diagnostyki hipoglikemii powinien być wywiad chorobowy i żywieniowy obejmujące stosowaną farmakoterapię oraz styl życia, w tym model żywienia oraz stosowanie używek . Należy także zebrać informacje o częstości, stopniu nasilenia dolegliwości i czasu występowania objawów po posiłku [10].…”

Section: Diagnostykaunclassified

Reactive hypoglycemia – an interdisciplinary approach of the disease of XXI Century

Hall

Walicka

Traczyk³

2020

Wiad Lek

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Reactive hypoglycemia is characterized by low blood glucose level in non-diabetic patients. It manifests as a syndrome of adrenergic and neuroglycopenic symptoms in the postprandial period, and their resolution occurs after consuming carbohydrates. The etiology of reactive hypoglycemia is not fully understood. It may occur in patients after gastrointestinal surgery due to too fast gastric emptying. Decreases in postprandial glucose are also observed in people with a pre-diabetes condition in which insulin secretion is disturbed. Hypoglycaemia can also be seen in patients with insulin resistance and hyperinsulinism. The aim of this study was to summarize existing knowledge about reactive hypoglycemia – etiology, diagnostic model and treatment.

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Hypoglycemic symptoms in the absence of diabetes: Pilot evidence of clinical hypoglycemia in young women

Cited by 9 publications

References 27 publications

Metabolic Parameters in Patients with Suspected Reactive Hypoglycemia

Metabolic Parameters in Patients with Suspected Reactive Hypoglycemia

Feasibility Study of Glucose Concentration Measurement of Aqueous Solution Using Time Domain Reflected Signals

Reactive hypoglycemia – an interdisciplinary approach of the disease of XXI Century

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