A method to obtain optimum tradeoffs (Pareto front) between sidelobe level (SLL) and beamwidth (BW) in time domain for ultrawideband (UWB) antenna arrays is presented. Multiobjective particle swarm optimization (MOPSO) is used to deal with these two conflicting objectives. In the optimization process, mutual coupling effects between elements are not considered. However, the multiple solutions obtained from MOPSO enable the designer to consider the mutual coupling effect as an additional constraint. Each element of the array is an antipodal Vivaldi antenna. The optimization template is applied for three different time-domain pattern descriptors. In comparison to arrays with the same number of elements reported in literature, the Pareto fronts obtained in this study provide lower BW and SLL. A four-element sample from resultant Pareto fronts was simulated by using CST Microwave Studio software. This array shows a 13.7-17.2 dBi gain over the whole frequency band from 3-11 GHz, 7.2 BW, and 12 dB SLL for energy pattern.Index Terms-Antipodal Vivaldi antenna, array antenna, multiobjective particle swarm optimization (MOPSO), ultrawideband (UWB) antenna.
Abstract-Use of Multi-Objective Particle Swarm Optimization for designing of planar multilayered electromagnetic absorbers and finding optimal Pareto front is described. The achieved Pareto presents optimal possible trade-offs between thickness and reflection coefficient of absorbers. Particle swarm optimization method in comparison with most of optimization algorithms such as genetic algorithms is simple and fast. But the basic form of Multi-objective Particle Swarm Optimization may not obtain the best Pareto. We applied some modifications to make it more efficient in finding optimal Pareto front. Comparison with reported results in previous articles confirms the ability of this algorithm in finding better solutions.
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