Hypoglycemic and Hypolipidemic Activities of Arabic and Indian Origin Salvadora Persica Root Extract on Diabetic Rats with Histopathology of Their Pancreas

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of Salvadora persica aqueous extracts on streptozotocininduced diabetic rats by measuring fasting blood glucose levels, lipid profiles and histopathological analysis of pancreas. Materials and Methods:Experimental Diabetes was induced by single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (60 mg/kg) to albino Wistar rats. Salvadora persica extracts were administered orally at 250 and 500 mg/kg dose levels for 21 days. Glucose tolerance test (GTT) was performed on 16 h fasted rats and changes in blood glucose levels, total cholesterol, triglycerides, lowdensity lipoprotein (LDL), very low density lipoprotein (VLDL), high density lipoprotein (HDL) and histopathology of pancreas were performed. Results:At a dose level of 500 mg/kg, blood glucose 85.25 ± 13.20 mg/dl, total cholesterol (TC) 114.57 ± 15.81(mg/dl), triglycerides (TG) 75.40 ± 16.47(mg/dl), LDL 42.63 ± 13.17(mg/dl), VLDL 22.78 ± 1.88(mg/dl), and elevation of HDL 44.88 ± 11.61(mg/dl) were found in comparison with diabetic control on 28 th day by Arabic origin Salvadora persica. It also accelerated the regeneration of β-cells in experimental animal's pancreas to 32.6 ± 2.4 compared to diabetic control animal's pancreas of 8.1 ± 0.5 at the end of 28 th day. Conclusion:This study confirmed that Arabic Salvadora persica aqueous extracts at 500 mg/kg dose level, in comparison to other extracts (Indian Salvadora persica, 250 and 500 mg/kg, Arabic Salvadora persica 250 mg/kg) possessed significant hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic activities and regenerated pancreatic β-cells in streptozotocin treated diabetic rats.

Alterations in lipid peroxidation, lipid profile, insulin sensitivity, and hepatic histopathological changes in diabetic rats following the treatment with Salvadora persica

“…In the treatment groups, it seems, inhibitory action of insulin on 3‐hydroxy‐3‐methyl‐glutaryl‐CoA reductase (HMG‐CoA reductase) is associated with lesser cholesterol generation and improvement of LP, but doubtful. Our results are in agreement with the results of Khan et al and Rabey et al In all the investigations mentioned above, hydroalcoholic extract of S. persica revealed antihyperlipidemic activity in diabetic rats. In our study, we found that the effects of ASP extract were more than the ethyl acetate and hydroalcoholic extracts.…”

Physiological, Anatomical and Metabolic Implications of Salt Tolerance in the Halophyte Salvadora persica under Hydroponic Culture Condition

“…The cytotoxic effects of S. persica plant on human gingival fibroblast cells has been reported by Balto et al (2014) . Khan et al (2014) have reported the hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic activities of its root extracts on diabetic rats. S. persica is a facultative halophyte which is adapted to survive under various adverse environmental conditions ranging from deserts to heavy soil, non-saline to highly saline soil, and dry regions to marshy and waterlogged areas ( Reddy et al, 2008 ).…”

Middle East Medicinal Plants in the Treatment of Diabetes: A Review

“…The administration of S.persica extract decreased blood glucose significantly in the first week of treatment, and this was more evident in the third week for both doses used [ 49 ]. Salvadora persica contains β -sitosterol with reported antioxidant effects, and many amides have been reported as having an insulin secretagogue effect and α -glucosidase-inhibition activity [ 49 ].…”