Hypoglycemic and antioxidant effects of five commercial turmeric ( Curcuma longa ) supplements

Abstract

We evaluate the hypoglycemic and antioxidant effects of five commercial turmeric (Curcuma longa) supplements: (1) bulk samples, (2) turmeric root from India, (3) curcuma turmeric Pronat®, (4) turmeric & black pepper Swanson®, and (5) C3 complex® turmeric curcumin. Glucose diffusion and enzymatic starch digestion assays, using α‐amylase and α‐glucosidase, were performed. The antioxidant activity of turmeric supplements was measured through lipid peroxidation inhibition and the scavenging radical assay. A starch dose of 102 mg/Kg of body weight (equivalent to 1 g/day in humans) was used to perform the oral starch tolerance test (OSTT) in Wistar male rats. All turmeric supplements decreased glucose diffusion and α‐glucosidase enzyme activity, and inhibited lipid peroxidation. The rats that received bulk samples and CT showed significantly lower glucose levels than rats receiving acarbose and those of negative control group. Our results show that biological activities of turmeric supplements vary according to the commercial presentation. Practical applications The study results suggest that the hypoglycemic and antioxidant effects of five commercial turmeric supplements vary among them. The information provided would be useful to physicians and individuals using these supplements.

Seasonal Nutritional Profile of Gelidium corneum (Rhodophyta, Gelidiaceae) from the Center of Portugal

“…Thereafter, G. corneum was stored at −20 °C until further use. So far, synthetic antioxidants are commercially available, but their use and applications are limited due to possible side effects, such as gastrointestinal problems [47].…”

“…These compounds have a beneficial effect on human health when seaweeds are consumed as food [45,46]. So far, synthetic antioxidants are commercially available, but their use and applications are limited due to possible side effects, such as gastrointestinal problems [47].…”

Development and Assessment of Phytophospholipid Nanovesicular Systems for Treatment of Diabetic Neuropathy

“…Therefore, the ethosomal gel had a good ability for transdermal permeation. [30] The presence of edge activator in the lipid bilayers of ethosomes caused the shape alteration. Plain gel has lesser penetration than ethosomal gel, which might be due to their stiff bilayers.…”

“…The amount of gel extruded from a collapsible tube in percentages was calculated using the weight in grams necessary to extrude at least a 0.5 cm ribbon of gel in 10 sec in the current investigation. [30] The extrudability was then calculated by using the following formula: 2 Applied weight to extrude gel from tube (gm) Extrudability Area (cm ) = Homogeneity After the gels were set in the container, they were visually inspected for uniformity. They were examined for the existence of aggregates and their appearance.…”

From Simple Mouth Cavities to Complex Oral Mucosal Disorders—Curcuminoids as a Promising Therapeutic Approach

“…The idea to use natural compounds to treat various human diseases has existed since time immemorial, and studies over the decades have proved that these compounds show promising effects against various chronic diseases. − Curcumin, a natural polyphenol derived from the plant Curcuma longa , has gained immense attention in clinics because of its medicinal and wide pharmacological activities. − The principal pigment in turmeric, that is, curcuminoids, consists of curcumin and its derivatives demethoxycurcumin (DMC) and bisdemethoxycurcumin (BDMC). Accumulating evidence over the past several decades has established curcumin’s anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antiproliferative, antioxidant, anticancer, antiaging, antiarthritic, antiatherosclerotic, antidepressant, hypoglycemic, wound healing, and chemosensitization properties. − Curcumin with its wide pleiotropic nature can target intricate biological processes and diverse inflammatory factors like cytokines, interleukins (ILs), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), reactive oxygen species (ROS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), C-reactive proteins, transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), and other enzymes involved in inflammation. Curcumin also potentially inhibits protein kinase C (PKC), epidermal growth factor–receptor tyrosine kinase (EGF-RTKs), and expression of proteins such as c-jun, c-fos, c-myc, NF-κB-inducing kinase (NIK), mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), extracellular signal-regulating kinase (ERK), phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), Akt, cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). − These attributes make curcumin an interesting and promising candidate to combat numerous oral disorders like oral submucous fibrosis, oral mucositis, oral leukoplakia, oral erythroplakia, oral candidiasis, aphthous stomatitis, oral lichen planus, dental caries, periodontitis, and gingivitis (Figure ).…”