Hypocholesterolemic effect of capsaicinoids by increased bile acids excretion in ovariectomized rats

Zhang, Lei; Zhou, Min; Fang, Guoshan; Tang, Yan; Zong-dao, Chen; Xiong, Liu

doi:10.1002/mnfr.201200716

Cited by 32 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…In our previous reports, ovariectomized rats can be an animal model for research on hypercholesterolemia (Lu, Gui, Guo, Wang, & Liu, ; Zhang et al., ). In the present work, we investigated the effects of single or combined application of capsaicinoids and L. plantarum SWUN5815 on the plasma lipids, liver lipids, and intestinal condition in ovariectomized rats.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hypocholesterolemic Effects of Capsaicinoids and Lactobacillus plantarum Swun5815 Combined by Inhibiting Cholesterol Synthesis and Increasing Bile Acid and Sterols Excretion on Ovariectomized Rats

Ren

You

Luo

et al. 2018

Journal of Food Science

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This study evaluated the hypocholesterolemic effects and potential metabolism of single and combined administrations of capsaicinoids and Lactobacillus plantarum SWUN5815 in ovariectomized rats. Forty female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 5 treatment groups. One group was sham-operated (with 1 mL/100 g BW physiological saline), and the 4 other groups were double-ovariectomized: OVX-CON (with 1 mL/100 g BW physiological saline), OVX-CAP (with 1 mL/100 g BW physiological saline and fed with food containing 0.08 g/kg capsaicinoids), OVX-L. P. (with 1 mL 2 × 10 cfu/mL/100 g BW L. plantarum SWUN5815), and OVX-CAP + L. P. (with 1 mL 2 × 10 cfu/mL/100 g BW L. plantarum SWUN5815 and fed with food containing 0.08 g/kg capsaicinoids). Rats were sacrificed after 6 weeks of feeding. Results showed that the combination of capsaicinoids and L. plantarum significantly decreased the total cholesterol, triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol of plasma, total cholesterol and lipid accumulation of liver in ovariectomized rats without affecting food intake. Bile acid contents in the fecal excrement and small intestines were significantly increased by the combination compared with the individual effects. However, the mRNA levels of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HMG-CoA R), farnesoid X receptor (FXR), ileum bile acid binding protein (IBABP), and apical sodium-dependent bile acids transporter (ASBT) significantly decreased. Liver X receptor also remarkably increased. Therefore, these genes potentially affect cholesterol metabolism by inhibiting cholesterol synthesis and promoting excretion of bile acid. The protective effects of the combination of capsaicinoids and L. plantarum SWUN5815 on the intestines were significant in ovariectomized rats.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The L. plantarum could upregulate the CYP7A1 gene expression to decrease the level of hepatic cholesterol (Jeun et al., ). Our previous studies indicated that capsaicinoids regulated the expression level of CYP7A1 in liver to enhance the excretion of bile acids and neutral sterols (Zhang et al., ). Huang et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypocholesterolemic Effects of Capsaicinoids and Lactobacillus plantarum Swun5815 Combined by Inhibiting Cholesterol Synthesis and Increasing Bile Acid and Sterols Excretion on Ovariectomized Rats

Ren

You

Luo

et al. 2018

Journal of Food Science

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“…These findings supported the favorable hepatoprotective activity of PCS. Since the liver is the main target organ of HMG-CoA reductase (45,72), hypertrophy and fatty change in hepatocytes are accompanied by increased AST and ALT activities (73,74), which are related to estrogen deficiency-mediated obese and hyperlipidemia (45,74,75). Estrogen deficiency is associated with an atherogenic lipid profile characterized by HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triglyceride levels (11), central adiposity (12), increased diastolic pressure (13), and increased insulin resistance (14).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-climacterium effects of pomegranate concentrated solutions in ovariectomized ddY mice

Kang¹,

Choi²,

Kim³

et al. 2017

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

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Abstract. In the present study, the complex anti-climacterium potential of standardized pomegranate concentrated solution (PCS) was investigated using bilateral ovariectomy (OVX) female ddY mice. Changes in body weight and gain during experimental periods, food consumption, serum estradiol levels, total body and abdominal fat densities, abdominal fat pads, and uterus weights were observed, along with the histopathology of abdominal fat pads and uterus for anti-obesity and estrogenic effects. In addition, liver weights, serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels, and histopathological inspections were performed to explore the hepato-protective effects. Serum total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein (LDL), high density lipoprotein, and triglyceride (TG) levels were monitored for hypolipidemic effects with total body and femur mean bone mineral density (BMD), right femur wet, dry and ash weights, strength, serum osteocalcin, bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (bALP) contents, and histological and histomorphometrical analyses for anti-osteoporosis activity. As a result of OVX, notable increases in body weight and gains, food consumption, abdominal fat mass densities, weights of abdominal fat pads deposited in the abdominal cavity, and serum AST, ALT, TC, LDL, TG, and osteocalcin levels were observed, along with decreases in the uterus, liver, and femur weights, mean total body and femur BMD, femur strength, serum bALP, and estradiol levels. In addition, marked hypertrophic alterations in adipocytes located in the deposited abdominal fat pads, liver steatosis, uterine disused atrophic changes, and decreases in bone mass and structures of the femur were also observed in OVX control mice with significant increases in bone resorption markers based on histopathological and histomorphometrical analysis. However, these estrogen-deficient climacterium symptoms were significantly (P<0.05 or P<0.01) inhibited after 84 days of continuous treatment with estradiol and PCS (1, 2 and 4 ml/kg), respectively. The present results suggested that PCS was able to effectively inhibit or refine the climacterium symptoms, including obesity, hyperlipidemia, hepatic steatosis, and osteoporosis, induced by OVX in ddY mice.

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“…As the liver is the major target organ of HMG-CoA reductase [34,57], AST and ALT activities were increased, and hypertrophy and fatty changes were observed in hepatocytes [58,59]. These are related to estrogen deficiency-mediated obesity and hyperlipidemia [34,59,60]. Estrogen deficiency is attributed to an atherogenic lipid profile, characterized by HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triglyceride levels [5], central adiposity [6], increased diastolic pressure [7], and increased insulin resistance [8].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selection of the Optimal Herbal Compositions of Red Clover and Pomegranate According to Their Protective Effect against Climacteric Symptoms in Ovariectomized Mice

Kang

Choi²,

Kim³

et al. 2016

Nutrients

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This study aimed to ascertain the optimal range of red clover dry extracts (RC) and dried pomegranate concentrate powder (PCP) to induce anti-climacteric effects. Thus, the dose ranges showing protective effect of mixed formulae consisting of RC and PCP were examined in ovariectomized mice. At 28 days after bilateral ovariectomy (OVX), mixed herbal compositions (RC:PCP = 1:1, 1:2, 1:4, 1:8, 2:1, 4:1, and 8:1) were administered orally, at 120 mg/kg once daily for 84 days. We evaluated that RC and PCP mixture attenuate OVX-caused obesity, hyperlipidemia, hepatic steatosis, and osteoporosis. Compared to OVX-induced control mice, body weight and abdominal fat weight in OVX-induced mice were significantly decreased, concomitantly with increase of uterus weight by RC:PCP mixture. Additionally, significant increases in serum estradiol levels were observed in all RC:PCP-treated mice. RC:PCP mixture also showed protective effect against OVX-induced hyperlipidemia, hepatic steatosis. Total body and femur mean bone mineral density (BMD), osteocalcin, bALP contents were effectively increased by RC:PCP mixture. Taken together, RC:PCP mixture (2:1, 1:1, and 4:1) has remarkable protective effects against the changes induced by OVX. In particular, RC:PCP mixture (2:1) shows the strongest effect and may be considered as a potential protective agent against climacteric symptoms.

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Hypocholesterolemic effect of capsaicinoids by increased bile acids excretion in ovariectomized rats

Abstract: Capsaicinoids have cholesterol-lowering effects in OVX rats. The hypocholesterolemic activity of capsaicinoids is caused by the stimulating conversion of cholesterol to bile acids by upregulation of cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase expression and the increase in fecal total bile acid excretion.

Cited by 32 publications

References 55 publications

Hypocholesterolemic Effects of Capsaicinoids and Lactobacillus plantarum Swun5815 Combined by Inhibiting Cholesterol Synthesis and Increasing Bile Acid and Sterols Excretion on Ovariectomized Rats

Hypocholesterolemic Effects of Capsaicinoids and Lactobacillus plantarum Swun5815 Combined by Inhibiting Cholesterol Synthesis and Increasing Bile Acid and Sterols Excretion on Ovariectomized Rats

Anti-climacterium effects of pomegranate concentrated solutions in ovariectomized ddY mice

Selection of the Optimal Herbal Compositions of Red Clover and Pomegranate According to Their Protective Effect against Climacteric Symptoms in Ovariectomized Mice

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