Hypoandrogenic Syndrome with Spermatogenesis

Pasqualini, R Q; Bur, Grato E.

doi:10.1016/s0015-0282(16)31924-0

Cited by 26 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…In patients with HH the gonadotrophin response to LH-RH administration has been found to be rather heterogeneous in that some subjects show no response and the response of others is relatively low or (sub) normal (Roth et al 1972;Bell et al 1973;Zarate et al 1973;Coscia et al 1974;Reiter et al 1976;Mortimer et al 1976;Boyar et al 1976). Basal serum FSH levels were normal in the patients with FE from the present study, which is in agreement with data of most other authors (Pasqualini 8c Bur 1950, 1955McCullagh 8c Beck 1952;McCullagh et al 1953;Faiman et al 1968;Bonati et al 1974;Hornstein et al 1974;del Pozo et al 1975;Williams et al 1975;Santen 8c Paulsen 1973;Kjessler 1972). Prior to 1968 lack of circulating LH in the presence of normal FSH levels has been described as characteristics for the syndrome of FE (Pasqualini 8c Bur 1950, 1955McCullagh 8c Beck 1952;McCullagh et al 1953;Faiman et al 1968).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Basal serum FSH levels were normal in the patients with FE from the present study, which is in agreement with data of most other authors (Pasqualini 8c Bur 1950, 1955McCullagh 8c Beck 1952;McCullagh et al 1953;Faiman et al 1968;Bonati et al 1974;Hornstein et al 1974;del Pozo et al 1975;Williams et al 1975;Santen 8c Paulsen 1973;Kjessler 1972). Prior to 1968 lack of circulating LH in the presence of normal FSH levels has been described as characteristics for the syndrome of FE (Pasqualini 8c Bur 1950, 1955McCullagh 8c Beck 1952;McCullagh et al 1953;Faiman et al 1968). In more recent literature, however, circulating plasma LH levels in FE have been reported to be low normal or even normal (Kjessler 1972;Santen 8c Paulsen 1973;Boyar et al 1973Boyar et al , 1976Bonati et al 1974;Hornstein et al 1974;del Pozo et al 1975;Williams et al 1975).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

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Fertile Eunuch Syndrome Versus Classic Hypogonadotrophic Hypogonadism

Smals¹,

Kloppenborg²,

Haelst³

et al. 1978

Acta Endocrinologica

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The functioning of the hypothalamo-pituitary-target organs axis was assessed in 3 patients with 'fertile eunuch' syndrome (FE) and 6 patients with 'classic' hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism (HH) with or without hyposmia. Both groups of patients did not differ from each other with regard to basal serum prolactin levels, pituitary growth hormone and thyrotrophin reserve and the thyroid or adrenal gland function. Both groups differed, however, with respect to the hypothalamo-pituitary\x=req-\ gonadal function: 1. the pituitary LH response to exogenous LH-RH was (low)-normal in FE and blunted in HH; 2. the basal FSH levels were normal in FE and undetectable in HH; 3. the basal LH levels were normal in FE and 3/6 patients with HH and low in the remaining three; 4. the basal and HCG stimulated plasma testosterone concentrations were significantly higher in FE than HH. The data suggest that FE represents a less severe form of LH-RH deficiency, rather than a distinct disorder.Pasqualini 8c Bur (1950) described a patient with eunuchoidism and normal sized testes, preserved spermatogenesis with virtual absence of mature Leydig cells and clinically and biochemically a normal androgenic response to HCG administraton. Hitherto about 50 patients have been reported in literature. This syndrome for which the term 'fertile eunuch' syndrome was coined by McCullagh 8c Beck (1952) and McCullagh et al. (1953) has been thought to

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Fertile Eunuch Syndrome Versus Classic Hypogonadotrophic Hypogonadism

Smals¹,

Kloppenborg²,

Haelst³

et al. 1978

Acta Endocrinologica

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“…It was observed in the present experiments that, although the testosterone content of the spermatic vein continued to be abnormally low until 90 days after ligature of the lymphatics, the regenerative processes took place in the testicular germinal epithelium 30 and 90 days after the ligature. There were many investigators who observed a full spermatogenetic cycle in the absence of Leydig cells (IvlcCullagh et al, 1953;Pasqualini and Bur, 1955;MacLeod et al, 1966;Johnson, 1967). They indicated that even in the absence of testosterone the spermatogenesis could be maintained under the influence of ICSH from the hypophysis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retardation of Spermatogenesis and Testosterone Secretion after Ligature of Lymphatics Draining the Testes of Rabbits

1974

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SynopsisHistological changes in the testis, prostate, seminal vesicle and hypophysis of male rabbits were examined after ligature of the spermatic lymphatics. Testosterone in blood plasma of the spermatic veins of animals with and without ligature and/or with and without HCG treatment was simultaneously measured.The histological picture of the.seminiferous epithelium of the testis was inherent in the spermatogonial stage 10 days after ligature. Subsequent regeneration of the germinal epithelium varied in degree from case to case with the advancing interval, but it was conspicuous within 30 days. There was no longer sign of retrogression of the germinal epithelium 90 days after ligature. The prostate epithelium showed a slight reduction in height 10 days after ligature, but quickly returned to its normal height and picture within 30 days. The seminal vesicle and hypophysis did not seem to be influenced morphologically by the ligation of the lymphatics. Testosterone content of the spermatic vein fell abruptly after the ligation of the lymphatics, being continued for as long as 90 days.Testosterone content increased rapidly after injection of HCG into animals with and without ligature.It is suggested from the present results that the regeneration of the germinal epithelium of the testis after obstruction of the spermatic lymphatics may depend on the formation of a collateral lymphatic circulation and that the Leydig cells are functionally supressed by lymph congestion within the testis.

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“…It is important to answer this question because sperm can be produced in the hypoandrogenic syndrome (fertile eunuchs) at presumably relatively low (but as yet unknown) concentrations of testicular androgens (Pasqualini & Bur, 1955). On the other hand, 15% of the normal testicular concentration of testosterone is still tenfold higher than the peripheral concentration of testosterone, which is sufficient for maintenance of prostatic and epididymal functions.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

How much androgen is required for maintenance of spermatogenesis?

Rommerts

1988

Journal of Endocrinology

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Hypoandrogenic Syndrome with Spermatogenesis

Cited by 26 publications

References 7 publications

Fertile Eunuch Syndrome Versus Classic Hypogonadotrophic Hypogonadism

Fertile Eunuch Syndrome Versus Classic Hypogonadotrophic Hypogonadism

Retardation of Spermatogenesis and Testosterone Secretion after Ligature of Lymphatics Draining the Testes of Rabbits

How much androgen is required for maintenance of spermatogenesis?

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