Hyphal Wall Chemistry of Lagenidium callinectes and Lagenidium chthamalophilum

Bertke, Charles C.; Aronson, Jerome M.

doi:10.1515/botm.1992.35.2.147

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Fungi are considered opportunistic patho-gens in aquaculture because they usually affect stressed or immunocompromised animals (Pelczar et al, 2001;Leslie & Summerell, 2006;Madigan et al, 2009). Lightner (1996) reported 100% mortalities of shrimp eggs and larvae exposed to Lagenidium callinectes while other researchers found that such fungus is also capable of infecting juvenile and adult shrimps in culture (Bertke & Aronson, 1992;Nakamura et al, 1994;Khoa et al, 2004Khoa et al, , 2005Cruz da Silva et al, 2011). Other fungi belonging to the genera Haliphtrofos and Sirolpidium provoke diseases in cultured shrimp larvae (Noga, 1990); Fusarium, on the other hand, is capable of affecting practically all developmental stages of shrimp (Bachere et al, 2000;Bugni & Ireland, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and risk assessment of Geotrichum spp. in the white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei Boone, 1931) from culture ponds

Ochoa

Ochoa-Álvarez

Guzmán-Murillo

et al. 2017

Lat. Am. J. Aquat. Res.

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The present study was done in order to identify the fungus invading some of the supralittoral ponds used for shrimp aquaculture in the CIBNOR facilities in La Paz, Baja California Sur (BCS), México during the summer season. From the walls and bottoms of the ponds, two strains of Geotrichum spp. were isolated and morphologically identified. Fungal adhesion towards hemocytes and primary cultures of various white shrimp (Litopeneaus vannamei) tissues (gill, tegument, and gut) was analyzed to determine infectivity. Extracellular protease, lipase, and amylase activity were evaluated as virulence factors. Survival of shrimp postlarvae (PL8) exposed to fungal culture supernatant or to their filaments was also investigated. The results showed that shrimp tegument cells and hemocytes were very susceptible to Geotrichum spp. invasion, and that this fungus provokes great mortality of post-larvae. Hence, Geotrichum spp. could be considered an opportunistic pathogen that might represent a serious health risk to shrimp in culture.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and risk assessment of Geotrichum spp. in the white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei Boone, 1931) from culture ponds

Ochoa

Ochoa-Álvarez

Guzmán-Murillo

et al. 2017

Lat. Am. J. Aquat. Res.

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“…0.5%) inhibits growth and zoosporogenesis of the fish pathogen Saprolegnia parasitica (Min et al 1994), suggesting that other genera of Oomycetes may also have chitin and/or chitosan-binding proteins. Since Oomycetes, unlike true fungi, produce little or no chitin (Bartnicki-Garcia 1970, Bertke andAronson 1992), proteins that bind these compounds probably have physiological functions other than cell wall synthesis. The complex composition of insect cuticle can be simulated by forming films of chitosan and chitin, then adding successive layers of compounds known to be present in insect cuticle (Hepburn 1985, Andersen 1985.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of attachment, germination, and appressorium formation by zoospores ofLagenidium giganteum and related oomycetes by chitin, chitosan, and catecholamines

et al. 1997

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Summary. Lagenidium giganteum (Oomycetes: Lagenidiales), a facultative parasite of mosquito larvae, infects the larval stage of most species of mosquitoes and a very limited number of alternate hosts. Host infection by this and other members of Oomycetes is initiated by motile, laterally biflagellate zoospores. Chemical bases for the various degrees of host specificity exhibited by these parasites is not known, but presumably involves receptors on the zoospore surface recognizing compounds either secreted by or on the surface of their hosts. Surface topography had no detectable effect on L. giganteum encystment or appressorium formation. Scanning electron microscopy documented the detachment of flagella during zoospore encystment. Bulbous knobs at the basal end of the detached flagellum were interpreted as encysting zoospores dropping the axoneme and/or the basal body and associated structures to which flagella are attached. Multiple signals appear to be involved in the initial steps ofL. giganteum host invasion. Zoospores of this parasite did not encyst on powdered preparations of chitin or chitosan (deacetylated chitin). Upon dissolution of chitosan in dilute acid followed by drying these solutions to form thin, transparent films, zoospores readily encysted. The degree of reacetylation of these films and the spacing of acetylated and deacetylated residues had no significant effect on zoospore encystment. Zoospores of a strain of Lagenidiurn myophilurn isolated from marine shrimp, that also infects mosquito larvae, encysted on chitosan films. No encystment of spores of the plant parasite Phytophthora capsici was observed on chitin or chitosan films. Simulation of cuticle sclerotization by incubating chitosan films with different catecholamines and tyrosinase significantly reduced zoospore encystment. Zoospores that encysted on chitosan films did not germinate in distilled water. Germination could be induced by adding microgram quantities of bovine serum albumin or proteins secreted by motile zoospores into the water, and to a lesser degree by some amino acids, but not by various cations. Zoospores encysted and germinated on the pupal stage of some mos-*Correspondence and reprints: Botany Department, Box 351330, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, U.S.A. quito species. Appressoria were occasionally fort-ned, but most subsequently sent out another mycelial branch, apparently without attempting to pierce the pupal cuticle. Methylation of pupal exuviae with ethereal diazomethane or methanol/HC1 significantly increased zoospore encystment. Modification of chitin by catecholamines, lipids and protein on the epicuticular larval surface all affected host invasion.

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Diversity and evolution of chitin synthases in oomycetes (Straminipila: Oomycota)

Klinter

Bulone

Arvestad

2019

Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution

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Hyphal Wall Chemistry of Lagenidium callinectes and Lagenidium chthamalophilum

Cited by 5 publications

References 24 publications

Isolation and risk assessment of Geotrichum spp. in the white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei Boone, 1931) from culture ponds

Isolation and risk assessment of Geotrichum spp. in the white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei Boone, 1931) from culture ponds

Regulation of attachment, germination, and appressorium formation by zoospores ofLagenidium giganteum and related oomycetes by chitin, chitosan, and catecholamines

Diversity and evolution of chitin synthases in oomycetes (Straminipila: Oomycota)

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