Hypertrophic gastropathy associated with gastric sarcoma in a dog

Abstract

A 14-y-old spayed female Labrador Retriever was presented with an 8-mo history of chronic vomiting. Abdominal ultrasound and gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed a mass protruding into the gastric lumen, with cytologic features suggestive of sarcoma. A partial gastrectomy was performed; the gastric body and antrum were thickened, with a cerebriform appearance of the mucosal surface. Histologic examination revealed a submucosal neoplastic proliferation of fusiform cells variably arranged in irregular bundles and scattered whorls. Fusiform cells strongly reacted to antibodies against vimentin, S100, and neuron-specific enolase; glial fibrillary acidic protein was moderately and multifocally expressed. Pancytokeratin, KIT, α–smooth muscle actin, and desmin were nonreactive. Histologic and immunohistochemical findings suggested a diagnosis of gastric sarcoma with features referable to a non-GIST (gastrointestinal stromal tumor), non–smooth muscle NIMT (non-angiogenic, non-lymphogenic intestinal mesenchymal tumor). The overlying gastric mucosa was thickened by elongated and dilated gastric glands, predominantly lined by intensely periodic acid-Schiff–stained mucous cells. This altered mucosal architecture was suggestive of Ménétrier-like disease. Although this disease has been hypothesized to predispose to gastric adenocarcinoma in dogs, an association with gastric sarcoma has not been documented previously in the veterinary literature, to our knowledge.

B-Mode and Contrast Enhanced Ultrasonography Features of Gastric Inflammatory and Neoplastic Diseases in Dogs

“…Furthermore, thanks to immunohistochemistry, some types of mesenchymal tumors have been reassigned and classified as gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) originating from the interstitial cells of Cajal [ 17 ]. Other reported canine gastric malignancies are mast cell tumors, sarcomas, extramedullary plasmacytoma, and rarely gastric carcinoid [ 2 , 18 , 19 ]. Other non-neoplastic gastric lesions may have similar appearances to that of the wall’s neoplasia [ 20 ].…”

Metastatic gastric adenocarcinoma associated with hypertrophic gastropathy resembling Ménétrier's disease in an adult Labrador Retriever dog

“…Hypertrophic gastropathy has been described in different dog breeds, such as Boxer ( 18), Basenji (19), Old English Sheepdog (15), Cairn Terrier (12), West Highland White Terrier (10) and Jack Russell Terrier (20). This condition has also been described in a Labrador Retriever dog with hypertrophic gastropathy associated with gastric sarcoma (16). Here we describe hypertrophic gastropathy associated with gastric adenocarcinoma in a Labrador Retriever dog.…”

“…In veterinary medicine, hypertrophic gastropathy is sporadically described in dogs (10,12,15,16,18,19,20), and one report in a cat (1) and in a camel (8). A few of these cases are reported in association with a gastric carcinoma (8,10,12).…”