Hypertriglyceridemia in Diabetes Mellitus: Implications for Pediatric Care

Abstract

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). It is estimated that the risk of CVD in diabetes mellitus (DM) is 2 to 10 times higher than in the general population. Much of this increased risk is thought to be related to the development of an atherogenic lipid profile, in which hypertriglyceridemia is an essential component. Recent studies suggest that dyslipidemia may be present in children and adolescents with DM, particularly in T2DM and in association with poor control in T1DM. However, the role of hypertriglyceridemia in the development of future CVD in youth with DM is unclear, as data are scarce. In this review, we will evaluate the pathophysiology of atherogenic hypertriglyceridemia in DM, the evidence regarding an independent role of triglycerides in the development of CVD, and the treatment of hypertriglyceridemia in patients with DM, highlighting the potential relevance to children and the need for more data in children and adolescents to guide clinical practice.

Coagulatory Defects in Type-1 and Type-2 Diabetes

“…Hypertriglyceridemia is often associated with T1DM and T2DM [134][135][136]. Cholesterol ester transfer protein (CETP) exchanges cholesterol and triglycerides between very low-density lipoprotein and HDL [137].…”

Recent Highlights of Research on miRNAs as Early Potential Biomarkers for Cardiovascular Complications of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

“…Recent research has shown that cardiovascular diseases are the leading reasons for morbidity and mortality in diabetes [ 11 , 12 ]. The hyperglycemia intensifies and promotes the glycation of proteins, which is a nonenzymatic attachment of sugars to the free amino groups of proteins that can accelerate the occurrence of serious cardiovascular problems.…”

Protective role of Convolvulus pluricaulis on lipid abnormalities in high-fat diet with low dose streptozotocin-induced experimental rat model

“…Macrovascular angiopathies involving coronary or cerebral vasculature are the prime causes of deaths in patients with diabetes mellitus [ 1 ]. Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is associated with specific lipid abnormalities and high blood pressure which ultimately expose the diabetic patients to cardiovascular complications such as angina, coronary vasculopathies, and cerebral infarcts [ 2 ]. Therefore, diabetic patients are at two to three times more at risk to develop cardiac problems than those without diabetes [ 3 ].…”