Hypertensive retinopathy

Downie, Laura E; Hodgson, Lauren; D’Sylva, Carly; McIntosh, Rachel; Rogers, Sophie; Connell, Paul; Wong, Tien Yin

doi:10.1097/hjh.0b013e32835efea3

Cited by 41 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 38 publications

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“…The grading used to describe adverse ocular changes was based on the modi ed and simpli ed classi cation system for hypertensive retinopathy, as follows [9]: grade 0: no detectable signs; grade 1: mild, moderate, and severe retinal arteriole sclerosis, arteriolar narrowing, arteriovenous nicking, and arteriovenous ratio (AVR) of < 0.67; grade 2: hemorrhage (blot-shaped, dot-shaped, or ame-shaped), microaneurysm, cotton wool spot, hard exudate, or a combination of these signs, or retinal detachment and any other disease that may affect the vision of the patient.…”

Section: Parameter Selection For Adverse Ocular Outcomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A model to predict the risk of adverse ocular outcomes in pregnant women

Liu,

Wen,

Zou

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Purpose This study aims to analyze common clinical data obtained during pregnancy, disease history, and maternal characteristics to determine ocular parameters and develop a risk prediction model for adverse ocular outcomes. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of 760 pregnant women (1,520 eyes) from September 2020 to September 2022 at the Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University. The maternal variables that could influence adverse ocular outcomes were identified, including maternal age, pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH), gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), eclampsia and pre-eclampsia, uterine disease, fetal abnormalities, in vitro fertilization with embryo transfer, hypoproteinemia, and major comorbidities during pregnancy. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate the effects of the independent predictors on adverse ocular outcomes. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to determine the cut-off probability with optimum sensitivity and specificity. Results Eclampsia and pre-eclampsia, GDM, history of chronic hypertension, and hypoproteinemia were independent predictors of adverse ocular outcomes during pregnancy (P < 0.05). Maternal age, PIH, intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR), obesity, and pregnancy with immunoglobulin A nephropathy were predictors of moderate and severe retinal arteriole sclerosis during pregnancy (P < 0.05). Moreover, hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelet (HELLP) syndrome was a predictor of retinal hemorrhage and exudate during pregnancy (P < 0.05). Adverse ocular outcomes showed area under the ROC curve values of 0.75 and 0.74. Conclusion Our predictive model could effectively predict adverse ocular outcomes during pregnancy, with the risk factors including maternal age, eclampsia and pre-eclampsia, GDM, obesity, history of chronic hypertension, hypoproteinemia, IUGR, pregnancy with immunoglobulin A nephropathy, and HELLP syndrome.

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Section: Parameter Selection For Adverse Ocular Outcomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A model to predict the risk of adverse ocular outcomes in pregnant women

Liu,

Wen,

Zou

et al. 2024

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Quantitative assessment of left atrial functions by speckle tracking echocardiography in hypertensive patients with and without retinopathy

Çelık

İzcı

Kıvrak

et al. 2022

J of Clinical Ultrasound

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Purpose The association between hypertensive retinopathy and left atrial (LA) impairment is unknown. Accordingly, it was aimed to investigate the possible relationship between hypertensive retinopathy and LA phasic functions by means of two‐dimensional speckle‐tracking echocardiography (2D‐STE). Methods A total of 124 hypertensive patients and 27 control subjects were included in the study. LA reservoir strain (LAS‐S), LA conduit strain (LAS‐E), and LA booster strain (LAS‐A) parameters were used to evaluate LA myocardial functions. Results Hypertensive patients (with and without retinopathy) displayed an obvious reduction in the LA reservoir strain (LAS‐S), and LA conduit strain (LAS‐E). Moreover, further impairment in LA reservoir and conduit strain was found in patients with hypertensive retinopathy than in the isolated hypertensive patients. There were no significant differences in LA booster strain (LAS‐A) among the three groups. Impaired LAS‐S (OR: 0.764, CI: 0.657–0.888, and p < 0.001), LAS‐E (OR: 0.754, CI: 0.634–0.897, and p = 0.001), and hypertension (HT) duration (OR: 2.345, CI: 1.568–3.507, and p < 0.001) were shown to be independent predictors of hypertensive retinopathy. Conclusion Impaired LA reservoir and conduit strain may be used to predict hypertensive patients at higher risk of developing hypertensive retinopathy, and to determine which patients should be followed more closely for hypertensive retinopathy.

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Retinal Circulation in Arterial Disease

Ott

Schmieder

2015

Arterial Disorders

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Hypertension has profound effect on the structure and function of the eye. In this chapter, we will focus on hypertensive retinopathy. Only for the sake of completeness, it should be mentioned that hypertension-related changes also include hypertensive optic neuropathy and hypertensive choroidopathy. Moreover, there are ocular diseases where hypertension is a potential risk factor, e.g., age-related macular degeneration and glaucoma. Most importantly, hypertension causes structural and functional vascular changes. We elaborate on the current knowledge of these processes, including innovative fi ndings related to new applied technologies. Vascular RemodelingSince the pathophysiological concept of vascular remodeling was in detail described in Chap. 5 , only few words will be mentioned. Remodeling can be of two typeseutrophic and hypertrophic, but both types result in an increase in the media-tolumen ratio of small arterioles. In eutrophic remodeling, both the outer and the lumen diameter are reduced, but the media cross-sectional area is not increased because the increase in the wall thickness-to-lumen diameter ratio is caused by a rearrangement of the smooth muscle cells around a narrowed lumen [ 1 ]. In contrast, in hypertrophic remodeling, an enhanced growth response resulting in an increased media cross-sectional area was documented. Eutrophic remodeling predominates in patients with essential hypertension, and hypertrophic remodeling was found in patients with severe and long-standing hypertension.

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Hypertensive retinopathy

Cited by 41 publications

References 38 publications

A model to predict the risk of adverse ocular outcomes in pregnant women

A model to predict the risk of adverse ocular outcomes in pregnant women

Quantitative assessment of left atrial functions by speckle tracking echocardiography in hypertensive patients with and without retinopathy

Retinal Circulation in Arterial Disease

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