Hypertension and childhood migration

Immigration and Blood Lead Levels Among Asian Populations in the United States

“…In contrast, new immigrants had a lower prevalence of hypertension. 20 Since BLL is mainly affected by the lead concentration in the environment, and BLLs reflect the recent situation of lead exposure, our results are consistent with the theory of migration epidemiology. Nevertheless, it has to be mentioned that even after regression to local US population, Asian immigrants still have relatively higher BLLs than their US-born counterparts, which may be due to their early heavy exposure and the release of bone lead into blood.…”

“…For example, in a study conducted in Israel, immigrants arriving earlier in their childhood had a comparable prevalence of hypertension to their Israeli-born counterparts. In contrast, new immigrants had a lower prevalence of hypertension 20 . Since BLL is mainly affected by the lead concentration in the environment, and BLLs reflect the recent situation of lead exposure, our results are consistent with the theory of migration epidemiology.…”

“…[16][17][18][19] For blood lead below the LOD, level equal to LOD divided by the square root of 2 is reported. 20 Among the 12,563 participants in the present study, only 0.33% had BLLs below the LOD.…”

“…The limit of detection (LOD) was 0.25 μg/dL in NHANES 2011–2012 and 0.07 μg/dL in NHANES 2013–2018 16–19 . For blood lead below the LOD, level equal to LOD divided by the square root of 2 is reported 20 . Among the 12,563 participants in the present study, only 0.33% had BLLs below the LOD.…”

SOS Teeth: Age and Sex Differences in the Prevalence of First Priority Teeth among a National Representative Sample of Young and Middle-Aged Adults

“…Age and sex were drawn from the IDF's central demographic database, that records the personal socio-demographic details of the military population [24]. Age and sex were drawn at the mid-study period, i.e., 1 June 2015.…”