Hypersonic impact properties of pristine and hybrid single and multi-layer C3N and BC3 nanosheets

Abstract

Carbon, nitrogen, and boron nanostructures are promising ballistic protection materials due to their low density and excellent mechanical properties. In this study, the ballistic properties of C3N and BC3 nanosheets against hypersonic bullets with Mach numbers greater than 6 were studied. The critical perforation conditions, and thus, the intrinsic impact strength of these 2D materials were determined by simulating ballistic curves of C3N and BC3 monolayers. Furthermore, the energy absorption scaling law with different numbers of layers and interlayer spacing was investigated, for homogeneous or hybrid configurations (alternated stacking of C3N and the BC3). Besides, we created a hybrid sheet using van der Waals bonds between two adjacent sheets based on the hypervelocity impacts of fullerene (C60) molecules utilizing molecular dynamics simulation. As a result, since the higher bond energy between N–C compared to B-C, it was shown that C3N nanosheets have higher absorption energy than BC3. In contrast, in lower impact speeds and before penetration, single-layer sheets exhibited almost similar behavior. Our findings also reveal that in hybrid structures, the C3N layers will improve the ballistic properties of BC3. The energy absorption values with a variable number of layers and variable interlayer distance (X = 3.4 Å and 4X = 13.6 Å) are investigated, for homogeneous or hybrid configurations. These results provide a fundamental understanding of ultra-light multilayered armors' design using nanocomposites based on advanced 2D materials. The results can also be used to select and make 2D membranes and allotropes for DNA sequencing and filtration.

An Efficient Algorithm for Collision Avoidance Between a Solar Array Satellite and Space Debris

“…The deciding parameters to determine the threshold momentum, for a satellite's body, will be its ballistic jacket's thickness, number of layers, and strength. For the quantitative estimation, different material simulations for hypersonic impact in pristine and hybrid single and multi-layer C3N and BC3 nano-sheets [9], Ceramic/Metal Targets [10] can be used.…”

Dynamic penetration behaviors of single/multi-layer graphene using nanoprojectile under hypervelocity impact

“…In addition, Bizao et al 21 put forward the law of scale effect to explain the discrepancy by one order of magnitude between experiments and MD simulations and correlate the specific penetration energy with the number of layers. In addition to graphene, other 2D material such as BC 3 and C 3 N whose structures is similar to graphene’s have also been explored by researchers using MD simulation 28 – 30 . Sadeghzadeh et al explored the ballistic properties of C 3 N and BC 3 nanosheets against hypersonic bullets with numbers greater than 6.…”

“…Sadeghzadeh et al explored the ballistic properties of C 3 N and BC 3 nanosheets against hypersonic bullets with numbers greater than 6. The critical perforation conditions, and thus, the intrinsic impact strength of these 2D materials were determined by simulating ballistic curves of C 3 N and BC 3 monolayers 30 . The mechanical properties of defective hybrid C 3 N–BC and defect-free hybrid C 3 N–BC 3 also have been investigated.…”