Hypersensitivity reaction of Brassica nigra L. (Cruciferae) kills eggs of Pieris butterflies (Lepidoptera: Pieridae)

Shapiro, Arthur M.; DeVay, J. E.

doi:10.1007/bf00379310

Cited by 92 publications

(118 citation statements)

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“…Eggs of P. brassicae and Pieris napi caused the apparition of a necrotic zone on B. nigra plants, increasing egg mortality (Shapiro and Devay, 1987). This response was only observed in some members of the plant population, illustrating a genetic basis for this mechanism.…”

Section: Egg-induced Responsesmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The response to oviposition could thus be due to microorganisms associated with the eggs. However, in both reports of HR-like responses to egg deposition, the authors could not isolate plant pathogens associated with the eggs and concluded that the induction of the necrotic response by bacteria was unlikely (Shapiro and Devay, 1987;Balbyshev and Lorenzen, 1997). In our experiments, we could not detect obvious signs of bacterial disease while we observed the induction of a transcript pattern similar to that caused by the infiltration of high doses of a plant pathogen.…”

Section: Nature Of the Elicitormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Upon oviposition by the white-backed planthopper, rice (Oryza sativa) plants produce benzyl benzoate, an ovicidal substance that causes high egg mortality (Seino et al, 1996). The development of a necrotic zone at the site of egg deposition was observed in Brassica nigra, resulting in egg dessication and mortality (Shapiro and Devay, 1987). In one potato (Solanum tuberosum) hybrid clone, a necrotic zone around the oviposition site provoked the detachment and the fall of the eggs on the soil (Balbyshev and Lorenzen, 1997).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Oviposition by Pierid Butterflies Triggers Defense Responses in Arabidopsis

et al. 2006

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Insect eggs represent a threat for the plant as hatching larvae rapidly start with their feeding activity. Using a whole-genome microarray, we studied the expression profile of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) leaves after oviposition by two pierid butterflies. For Pieris brassicae, the deposition of egg batches changed the expression of hundreds of genes over a period of 3 d after oviposition. The transcript signature was similar to that observed during a hypersensitive response or in lesion-mimic mutants, including the induction of defense and stress-related genes and the repression of genes involved in growth and photosynthesis. Deposition of single eggs by Pieris rapae caused a similar although much weaker transcriptional response. Analysis of the jasmonic acid and salicylic acid mutants coi1-1 and sid2-1 indicated that the response to egg deposition is mostly independent of these signaling pathways. Histochemical analyses showed that egg deposition is causing a localized cell death, accompanied by the accumulation of callose, and the production of reactive oxygen species. In addition, activation of the pathogenesis-related1Tb-glucuronidase reporter gene correlated precisely with the site of egg deposition and was also triggered by crude egg extract. This study provides molecular evidence for the detection of egg deposition by Arabidopsis plants and suggests that oviposition causes a localized response with strong similarity to a hypersensitive response.

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Section: Egg-induced Responsesmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Nature Of the Elicitormentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Oviposition by Pierid Butterflies Triggers Defense Responses in Arabidopsis

et al. 2006

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“…Indeed, some plant species show a 'hypersensitive response' to oviposition. When eggs are deposited onto their leaves, the tissue around the egg rapidly turns necrotic and in some cases falls off (Balbyshev and Lorenzen, 1997;Shapiro and DeVay, 1987). Because it no longer transpires, the necrotic tissue can get hot enough to kill the egg.…”

Section: K Potter G Davidowitz and H A Woodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insect eggs protected from high temperatures by limited homeothermy of plant leaves

Potter

Davidowitz

Woods

2009

Journal of Experimental Biology

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SUMMARYVirtually all aspects of insect biology are affected by body temperature, and many taxa have evolved sophisticated temperaturecontrol mechanisms. All insects, however, begin life as eggs and lack the ability to thermoregulate. Eggs laid on leaves experience a thermal environment, and thus a body temperature, that is strongly influenced by the leaves themselves. Because plants can maintain leaf temperatures that differ from ambient, e.g. by evapotranspiration, plant hosts may protect eggs from extreme ambient temperatures. We examined the degree to which leaves buffer ambient thermal variation and whether that buffering benefits leaf-associated insect eggs. In particular, we: (1) measured temperature variation at oviposition sites in the field, (2) manipulated temperatures in the laboratory to determine the effect of different thermal conditions on embryo development time and survival, and (3) tested embryonic metabolic rates over increasing temperatures. Our results show that Datura wrightii leaves buffer Manduca sexta eggs from fatally high ambient temperatures in the southwestern USA. Moreover, small differences in temperature profiles among leaves can cause large variation in egg metabolic rate and development time. Specifically, large leaves were hotter than small leaves during the day, reaching temperatures that are stressfully high for eggs. This study provides the first mechanistic demonstration of how this type of leaf-constructed thermal refuge interacts with egg physiology.

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“…Gall insects are known to disturb the inner architecture of a leaf by inserting their eggs (Hilker et al, 2002b). In a few cases, insect egg deposition was shown to induce a hypersensitive response of plant tissue, a well-known response of plants to phytopathogens (Shapiro and DeVay, 1987;Balbyshev and Lorenzen, 1997). Specific pea (Pisum sativum) lines were shown to form neoplasms in response to bruchid egg deposition (Doss et al, 1995(Doss et al, , 2000.…”

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A Plant Notices Insect Egg Deposition and Changes Its Rate of Photosynthesis

2005

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Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) is known to change its terpenoid metabolism in response to egg deposition by the sawfly Diprion pini (Hymenoptera, Diprionidae). Three days after egg deposition, parts of the pine twig adjacent to the egg-laden one are induced to emit volatiles, which attract egg parasitoids. In this study, we investigated whether egg deposition by this sawfly affects pine photosynthesis. Measurements of photosynthesis were taken from untreated control twigs and from pine twigs adjacent to egg-laden ones (i.e. systemically oviposition-induced twigs) for a period of 3 d starting after egg deposition. The net photosynthetic rate of oviposition-induced pine twigs was lower than that of untreated control twigs, whereas the respiration rate of pine twigs was not affected by egg deposition. CO 2 response curves of oviposition-induced twigs tended to be lower than those of controls. The potential rate of electron transport ( J max ) and the maximum rate of Rubisco activity (V cmax ) were calculated from the data of the CO 2 response curves. J max of oviposition-induced twigs was significantly lower than that of controls at day 1 after egg deposition, while the difference diminished from day 2 to day 3. A similar pattern was observed for V cmax . Light response curves of oviposition-induced twigs were significantly lower than those of untreated ones during 3 d of measurements. Stomatal conductance was slightly lowered by egg deposition. When considering photosynthetic activity as a physiological currency to measure costs of induction of plant defense, the effects of insect egg deposition on gas exchange of pine are discussed with respect to known effects of insect feeding on the photosynthesis activity of plants.Induced responses of plants to herbivore feeding damage have been studied extensively. These responses include changes in plant chemical composition, phenology, morphology, growth, and photosynthesis (for review, see Karban and Baldwin, 1997). Effects of herbivory on photosynthesis have been studied both on a local scale at the damaged leaf tissue and on a systemic scale by investigating photosynthetic activity of undamaged leaves adjacent to the damaged ones. Local effects measured at leaf tissue structurally damaged by mesophyll feeders, such as Diptera, Hemiptera, or Acari, or at leaf tissue right next to feeding holes produced by chewing insects often show that photosynthetic activity is reduced (Welter, 1989;Zangerl et al., 2002;Haile and Higley, 2003). Many studies on systemic effects of herbivory measured at undamaged leaves adjacent to the sites where chewing herbivores removed leaf material show an enhancement of the photosynthetic rate (Welter, 1989;Zangerl, 1999).In comparison to the effects of insect feeding on plant metabolism, little is known about how a plant responds to insect egg deposition. Gall insects are known to disturb the inner architecture of a leaf by inserting their eggs (Hilker et al., 2002b). In a few cases, insect egg deposition was shown to induce a hypersensitive resp...

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Hypersensitivity reaction of Brassica nigra L. (Cruciferae) kills eggs of Pieris butterflies (Lepidoptera: Pieridae)

Cited by 92 publications

References 2 publications

Oviposition by Pierid Butterflies Triggers Defense Responses in Arabidopsis

Oviposition by Pierid Butterflies Triggers Defense Responses in Arabidopsis

Insect eggs protected from high temperatures by limited homeothermy of plant leaves

A Plant Notices Insect Egg Deposition and Changes Its Rate of Photosynthesis

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