Abstract:Hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) cation channels are active at resting membrane potential and thus are likely to contribute to neuronal excitability. Four HCN channel subunits (HCN1-4) have previously been cloned. The aim of the current study was to investigate the immunoreactivity of HCN4 channel protein in rat trigeminal (TG) and dorsal root ganglion (DRG) sensory neurons. HCN4 was present in 9% of TG neurons and 4.7% of DRG neurons, it was distributed in a discrete population of sma… Show more
“…Chaplan et al (2003) also found HCN2 to be expressed by all sizes of DRG neurons in the rat, whereas in the mouse, HCN2 was expressed in about 80% and 60% of large-sized and small-sized DRG neurons, respectively (Moosmang et al, 2001). In the rat trigeminal ganglia, HCN2 has been shown to be expressed by all three neuronal size groups (Wells et al, 2007) or mainly by medium-large-sized neurons (Cho et al, 2009b). At least some of the IB4-negative small neurons that express HCN2 are likely to be lowthreshold mechanoreceptors because this subpopulation of primary afferent neurons have been shown to express HCN2 (Acosta et al, 2012).…”
Section: Expression Of Hcn1-3 In Drg Neurons Of Control Ratsmentioning
confidence: 89%
“…Expression of HCN4 channel subunit was not examined in the present study because its presence in primary sensory neurons is uncertain (Chaplan et al, 2003;Luo et al, 2007;Kouranova et al, 2008) or was found only in about 5% of DRG neurons (Cho et al, 2009b). It should be pointed out that the differences between the various studies in the expression profile of HCN1-HCN4 are likely to be due to the differences in the antibodies and/or species used.…”
Section: Expression Of Hcn1-3 In Drg Neurons Of Control Ratsmentioning
“…Chaplan et al (2003) also found HCN2 to be expressed by all sizes of DRG neurons in the rat, whereas in the mouse, HCN2 was expressed in about 80% and 60% of large-sized and small-sized DRG neurons, respectively (Moosmang et al, 2001). In the rat trigeminal ganglia, HCN2 has been shown to be expressed by all three neuronal size groups (Wells et al, 2007) or mainly by medium-large-sized neurons (Cho et al, 2009b). At least some of the IB4-negative small neurons that express HCN2 are likely to be lowthreshold mechanoreceptors because this subpopulation of primary afferent neurons have been shown to express HCN2 (Acosta et al, 2012).…”
Section: Expression Of Hcn1-3 In Drg Neurons Of Control Ratsmentioning
confidence: 89%
“…Expression of HCN4 channel subunit was not examined in the present study because its presence in primary sensory neurons is uncertain (Chaplan et al, 2003;Luo et al, 2007;Kouranova et al, 2008) or was found only in about 5% of DRG neurons (Cho et al, 2009b). It should be pointed out that the differences between the various studies in the expression profile of HCN1-HCN4 are likely to be due to the differences in the antibodies and/or species used.…”
Section: Expression Of Hcn1-3 In Drg Neurons Of Control Ratsmentioning
“…HCN2 has also been detected in myelinated fibres, including nociceptive Aδ fibres [102][103][104][105]. Finally, the HCN4 isoform appears to be absent or expressed at low levels in sensory neurons [98,105,108]. Finally, the HCN4 isoform appears to be absent or expressed at low levels in sensory neurons [98,105,108].…”
Nociception - the ability to detect painful stimuli - is an invaluable sense that warns against present or imminent damage. In patients with chronic pain, however, this warning signal persists in the absence of any genuine threat and affects all aspects of everyday life. Neuropathic pain, a form of chronic pain caused by damage to sensory nerves themselves, is dishearteningly refractory to drugs that may work in other types of pain and is a major unmet medical need begging for novel analgesics. Hyperpolarisation-activated cyclic nucleotide (HCN)-modulated ion channels are best known for their fundamental pacemaker role in the heart; here, we review data demonstrating that the HCN2 isoform acts in an analogous way as a 'pacemaker for pain', in that its activity in nociceptive neurons is critical for the maintenance of electrical activity and for the sensation of chronic pain in pathological pain states. Pharmacological block or genetic deletion of HCN2 in sensory neurons provides robust pain relief in a variety of animal models of inflammatory and neuropathic pain, without any effect on normal sensation of acute pain. We discuss the implications of these findings for our understanding of neuropathic pain pathogenesis, and we outline possible future opportunities for the development of efficacious and safe pharmacotherapies in a range of chronic pain syndromes.
“…Зміни мембранного потенціалу у відповідь на гіперполяризувальні поштовхи струму: а -нейрони тонічні(1), адаптивні(2) та затриманої генерації(3) по різному відповідали на гіперполяризацію мембрани. Головною особливістю цих відповідей є «вигин» (○), який поступово переходить у стаціонарний стан (•); б -значення коефіцієнтів аномального випрямлення, що залежить від часу при різних рівнях гіперполяризації для 11 тонічних, 7 адаптивних та 3 нейронів затриманої генерації потенціалів дії Характеристика електричної активності нейронів ганглія трійчастого нерва каналів експресуться в нейронах ГТН [18,19]. Наявність або відсутність різних ти-пів цих каналів спричинює відмінності у кінетиці відповідей.…”
Section: результати та їх обговоренняunclassified
“…Наявність або відсутність різних ти-пів цих каналів спричинює відмінності у кінетиці відповідей. Відомо також, що ці канали відіграють важливу роль у генерації імпульсної активності нейронів сенсорних гангліїв [17,18]. Більша частина нейронів генерувала ПД з «горбом» на фазі реполяризації.…”
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