Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic syndrome in a young boy

Reddy, Archana; Finley, Leland; Horrall, Shawn

doi:10.1080/08998280.2019.1646598

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 13 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…It is rare among children, but most cases are associated with new-onset type 1 diabetes or uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus. Recently, more cases have been reported with an increase in the frequency of type 2 diabetes ( 1 , 2 , 3 ). Reports have indicated that the risk factors for HHS include complications of pneumonia and urinary tract infections, cerebrovascular accidents, drugs, peritoneal dialysis, burns, and dehydration ( 1 , 3 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, more cases have been reported with an increase in the frequency of type 2 diabetes ( 1 , 2 , 3 ). Reports have indicated that the risk factors for HHS include complications of pneumonia and urinary tract infections, cerebrovascular accidents, drugs, peritoneal dialysis, burns, and dehydration ( 1 , 3 ). HHS is also caused by severe hyperglycemia due to the administration of glucocorticoids, excessive diuretics, and atypical antipsychotics ( 1 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several case reports have reported that HHS develops during the administration of diazoxide for hyperinsulinemia or insulinoma ( 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 ). A report indicated that the risk of diabetes or hyperglycemia increases when the blood diazoxide level is > 100 µg/dL ( 7 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although HHS is rare in children, it has a high mortality rate and requires intensive care unit treatment ( 1 ). Diazoxide treatment for hyperinsulinemia can lead to the onset of hyperglycemia or HHS as a serious adverse effect ( 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 ). We herein report a case of HHS induced by concomitant use of diazoxide and diuretics, despite a low blood diazoxide level.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic syndrome induced by diazoxide and furosemide in a 5-year-old girl

Nakazawa

Naruse

Mori

et al. 2021

Clin Pediatr Endocrinol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Hyperglycemia and hyperosmolar hyperglycemic syndrome (HHS) are the rare adverse effects of diazoxide. Furosemide has been reported to worsen glucose tolerance and cause HHS. A 5-yr-old girl presented to the emergency department with complaints of tachycardia, polyuria, and lethargy for 1 wk prior to hospitalization. She was treated with two diuretics for aortic valve reflux disease and diazoxide for congenital hyperinsulinemia. She was diagnosed with HHS based on her serum glucose level of 529 mg/dL and serum osmotic pressure of 357 mOsm/kg. There were no findings suggestive of new-onset diabetes mellitus. She had fever on admission and, was diagnosed with a urinary tract infection. The blood diazoxide level at the time of hospitalization was 25 µg/dL. Diazoxide use, even in patients with low diazoxide levels, may cause hyperglycemia. Patients on diuretics and diazoxide must be carefully monitored, considering the risk of developing HHS.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic syndrome induced by diazoxide and furosemide in a 5-year-old girl

Nakazawa

Naruse

Mori

et al. 2021

Clin Pediatr Endocrinol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state in children: case report and review of the literature

Shahramian

Rahimi

Radvar

2022

J. Klin. Endokrinol. Stoffw.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS) is a rare complication in children and a life-threatening emergency that presents with a significant increase in blood sugar and hyperosmolarity with or without low ketosis. This study reports the case of a 9-year-old boy with severe HHS due to type 1 diabetes. The patient’s initial serum glucose level was 1600; however, he was discharged in a stable condition. The patient presented many of the known complications of HHS, including decreased level of consciousness, hypovolemic shock, acute kidney injury, and very high serum glucose levels. The patient responded well to invasive fluid resuscitation and insulin administration, was discharged in good general condition without HHS-related complications, and was followed up with insulin therapy. As the prevalence of HHS in children is increasing, it is necessary for physicians to be aware of the unusual manifestations in children, especially children with type 1 diabetes, and to have the ability to diagnose and manage HHS and differentiate it from diabetic ketoacidosis.

show abstract

An extremely high blood glucose level in a child with hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state and type 1 diabetes

Ahel

Severinski

Tomulić

et al. 2021

Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objectives Hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state (HHS) is one of the most severe acute complications of diabetes mellitus (DM) characterized by severe hyperglycemia and hyperosmolality without significant ketosis and acidosis. What is new? Since HHS in the pediatric population is rare and potentially life-threatening, every reported case is very valuable for raising awareness among healthcare professionals. Case presentation A 7-year-old boy with previously diagnosed Joubert syndrome was admitted due to vomiting, polydipsia and polyuria started several days earlier. He was severely dehydrated, and the initial blood glucose level was 115 mmol/L. Based on clinical manifestations and laboratory results, he was diagnosed with T1DM and HHS. The treatment with intravenous fluid was started and insulin administration began later. He was discharged after 10 days without any complications related to HHS. Conclusions Since HHS has a high mortality rate, early recognition, and proper management are necessary for a better outcome.

show abstract

Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic syndrome in a young boy

Cited by 3 publications

References 13 publications

Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic syndrome induced by diazoxide and furosemide in a 5-year-old girl

Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic syndrome induced by diazoxide and furosemide in a 5-year-old girl

Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state in children: case report and review of the literature

An extremely high blood glucose level in a child with hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state and type 1 diabetes

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About