Hypercalcaemia and in vitro osteolysis associated with xenografts of squamous carcinomas of the tongue

Tsao, Sai‐Wah; Burman, Jonas; Carter, R L

doi:10.1038/bjc.1983.164

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The search for humoral agents of tumour-mediated bone destruction has switched to other agents such as osteoclast activating factor (OAF), a lymphokine secreted by activated blood mononuclear leucocytes and produced by myeloma cells [20] and more recently, tumourderived growth factors [21]. Tissue culture studies have shown that many tumours produce a mixture of prostaglandins and higher molecular weight, nondialysable, resorbing factors, illustrated by studies of squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck [22]. Prostaglandins in such tumours could originate from the tumour cells themselves, inflammatory cells or vascular and stromal elements.…”

Section: Tumours and Bone Resorptionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Prostaglandins in pathological bone resorption

Harvey

Meghji

1986

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Section: Tumours and Bone Resorptionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Prostaglandins in pathological bone resorption

Harvey

Meghji

1986

Agents and Actions

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“…These studies have been extended and information is now presented on the identification and quantitation of the prostaglandins involved and the contribution made by host tissues as a source of osteolytic factors. Observations on bone resorption by xenografts of squamous carcinomas have been reported separately (Tsao et al, 1983 …”

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confidence: 99%

Further observations on mechanisms of bone destruction by squamous carcinomas of the head and neck: The role of host stroma

Tsao¹,

Burman²,

Pittam³

et al. 1983

Br J Cancer

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Summary Mechanisms of bone invasion by squamous carcinomas of the head and neck have, been investigated using fresh tumours It is concluded that most squamous cancers of the head and neck are osteolytic in vitro and release a mixture of prostaglandin and non-prostaglandin factors which stimulate osteoclastic bone resorption. These factors are derived from both neoplastic and stromal elements, and are "tumour-associated" rather than "tumour-specific". In vitro bone resorption and prostaglandin release does not correlate with pathological features of the tumour or with post-operative survival.Osteoclasts accumulate at sites of bone invasion by squamous carcinomas of the head and neck, and appear to play an important role in the destructive process (Carter, 1982). Prostaglandins are known stimulants of osteoclastic activity, and raised levels of extractable prostaglandin-like material were demonstrated by bioassay in a series of squamous cancers from the head and neck region (Bennett et al., 1980). Subsequent work showed that fresh tumour tissues and tumour cell lines were osteolytic in vitro and that bone resorption could be partly blocked by indomethacin (Tsao et al., 1981). These studies have been extended and information is now presented on the identification and quantitation of the prostaglandins involved and the contribution made by host tissues as a source of osteolytic factors. Observations on bone resorption by xenografts of squamous carcinomas have been reported separately (Tsao et al., 1983 Materials and methodsBone resorption assay The methods used were based on the procedure devised by Reynolds (1968) and have been fully described by us (Tsao et al., 1981). In brief, calvaria were dissected from 5 to 7 day old BALB/c mice previously injected with 45CaCl2, and cultured on metal grids in modified Bigger's medium, supplemented with heat-inactivated rabbit serum and antibiotics, at 37°C in 5% CO2 in air. Paired half-calvaria were used, one half of each serving as a control. After a preliminary incubation period of 24h to equilibrate calcium exchange between bone and culture medium, the calvaria were cultured for 3 days either with fresh tissue fragnents or with various test and control media-see below. Release of 45Ca was estimated by a liquid scintillation system. The percentage of isotope released from each bone was calculated and osteolysis was expressed in a standard manner as the ratio of the % of 45Ca release from test and control cultures. The values of each bone resorption ratio were recorded as the mean + s.e. of 4 pairs of bone cultures.In vitro osteolysis by fresh tissues Twenty-nine squamous carcinomas were obtained

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Invasion of the mandible by squamous carcinomas of the oral cavity and oropharynx

et al. 1986

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The radiologic and histologic features of mandibular invasion, and its clinical implications, are considered in a retrospective series of 111 patients with squamous carcinomas of the oral cavity and oropharynx treated by composite resection. Eighty percent of the entire group had either recurrent or advanced (T3, T4) local disease, and 33 patients (30%) had histologic evidence of mandibular invasion by tumor. Preoperative radiologic assessment was unreliable in cases in which infiltrating tumor was confined to the periosteum and superficial cortex—44% false negatives. The extent of bone invasion was found to correlate with the size of the tumor, but not with its histologic grade. The mandibular periosteum was not seen as a morphologically discrete “barrier” and infiltration occurred at various points along the mandibular body, mainly related to the course of the inferior dental canal. The gross and microscopic patterns of bone invasion appeared to be similar in irradiated and nonirradiated resections. The incidence and pattern of recurrent disease following composite resection was the same in the groups with and without mandibular invasion: in each group half the patients were dead from disease and one third alive and free of disease at 2 years. Mandibular invasion alone did not appear to influence prognosis in this series.

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Hypercalcaemia and in vitro osteolysis associated with xenografts of squamous carcinomas of the tongue

Cited by 7 publications

References 16 publications

Prostaglandins in pathological bone resorption

Prostaglandins in pathological bone resorption

Further observations on mechanisms of bone destruction by squamous carcinomas of the head and neck: The role of host stroma

Invasion of the mandible by squamous carcinomas of the oral cavity and oropharynx

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