Hymexazol treatment of sugar-beet seed to control seedling disease caused by Pythium spp. and Aphanomyces cochlioides

Payne, P. A.; Williams, G. E.

doi:10.1016/0261-2194(90)90010-5

Cited by 24 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 3 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…• More recently a modified form of thiram soak treatment (0.2% thiram for 12 hrs at 25 0 C) has developed for the control of P. betal in monogerm sugar beet and this modification has been incorporated into the pelleting process for that crop in the UK (Payne and Williams, 1990). The aim of thiram soaking was to achieve penetration of seed tissue to eradicate internal pathogens.…”

Section: Recent Advancesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seed treatments for sustainable agriculture-A review

Sharma

Singh²,

Sharma³

et al. 2015

JANS

168

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract:Seed treatment refers to the application of certain agents physical, chemical or biological to the seed prior to sowing in order to suppress, control or repel pathogens, insects and other pests that attack seeds, seedlings or plants and it ranges from a basic dressing to coating and pelleting. Introduction and ban of arsenic (used from 1740 until 1808) is the key milestones in the history of modern seed treatment till then a continuous research and advancement in this technology is going on. The technological advancement prepared a roadmap for refining existing seed treatment technologies and future work on technologies like fluid drilling as a way to sow germinated seeds where gel can also serve as a delivery system for other materials, seed priming advances the early phase of germination without redicle emergence. Another advanced technology, solid matrix priming (SMP) has been evaluated as a means to advances the germination of seeds and serve as a carrier for useful material too. Physical and biological seed treatments alone an alternative to chemicals or in combination with a chemical treatment are being used worldwide because of their environmental safety and socioeconomic aspects. Biological seed treatments are expected to be one of the fastest growing seed treatment sectors in the near future, in part because they are easier to register at Environment Protection Agency (EPA). Lack of awareness to seed treatments at farmer's level is one of the limiting factors in disease management and hence, efforts should be made at farmer's level to adopt the technology. Keeping the all above facts in mind, selected seed treatment technologies with their improvement and significance will be discussed in this review.

show abstract

Section: Recent Advancesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seed treatments for sustainable agriculture-A review

Sharma

Singh²,

Sharma³

et al. 2015

JANS

168

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…For this reason, there has recently been a lot of interest in hymexazol as a seed treatment, since it was active against both Pythium and Aphanomyces in trials in several countries (Byford and Payne 1983;Heijbroek and Huijbregts 1995;Payne and Williams 1990). In particular, P. aphanidermatum was identified as being highly sensitive to hymexazol (Nakanishi and Sisler 1983).…”

Section: Control Of the Soilborne Pathogens Of Beet Pre-planting Treamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the Netherlands, early in the season, quantities of about 10 g a.i./unit provide sufficient control, whereas by the end of the season rates of greater than 20 g a.i./unit are necessary . Similarly, in England under conditions of severe disease pressure, rates of 21 g a.i./kg are required for maximum disease control (Payne and Williams 1990).…”

Section: Control Of the Soilborne Pathogens Of Beet Pre-planting Treamentioning

confidence: 99%

Management of soilborne diseases of beetroot in Australia: a review

Martin¹

2003

Aust. J. Exp. Agric.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Soilborne fungal diseases threaten the viability of the Australian processing beetroot industry. Globally, Pythium spp., Aphanomyces cochlioides and Rhizoctonia solani are the predominant soilborne fungal pathogens responsible for a root rot complex in beet crops. In Australia, the disease problems have been exacerbated in recent years because crops are now grown virtually year round, and under environmental conditions favourable to infection. This has lead to increased inoculum levels in soils sown to beetroot. Moreover, nowhere in the world does there seem to be a single strategy that is completely efficacious in controlling these pathogens, so an effective management strategy will almost certainly involve a combination of tactics. The most likely combination seems to involve fungicide seed treatments, rotations of gramineous or biofumigant crops and the use of disease-resistant varieties of beet. The first of these, fungicidal seed dressings, are a cost-effective means of reducing pathogen inoculum and protecting young beets from infection. Hymexazol may be particularly useful in the Australian system, since it is active against both Pythium and Aphanomyces. To combat Rhizoctonia, it should be applied in combination with either pencycuron or toclophos methyl. Second, rotations of gramineous crops, such as maize or oats, or biofumigant brassica crops, such as white mustard, brussel sprouts or cabbage should also reduce the build-up of inoculum and offers a tactic to relieve the problem in the longer term. Third, alternative beetroot cultivars with resistance to Rhizoctonia have now been developed in USA breeding programs and should be considered by the Australian industry. Resistant varieties are potentially very useful since they offer a long-term approach to disease management that can be easily incorporated into existing production systems. Fourth, the alteration of sowing dates to avoid periods of high disease risk (e.g. confining sowing to the cooler, drier months) needs to be seriously considered by the Australian industry if it is committed to disease management. There is also evidence to suggest that seed priming may warrant consideration as a tool to use in combination with fungicide dressings to reduce disease in young plants. Biological seed treatments and soil fumigation appear to be tactics of limited value to the Australian beet industry.

show abstract

“…cochlioides can also cause a root rot in more mature sugar beet plants although this is generally considered less important than seedling infection, particularly in Europe (Duffus and Ruppel 1993). The pathogen has been controlled by a mixture of tiram and hymexazol applied in the seed pellet (Payne and Williams 1990). The persistence of chemicals in the pellet lasts approximately one month; after this time the root is not protected and the occurrence of favourable weather conditions for A. cochlioides can result in late infections and pathogen development.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of Aphanomyces cochlioides on selected physiological processes in sugar beet leaves and yield parameters

Choluj

Moliszewska

2011

Eur J Plant Pathol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Alterations in some physiological processes in source leaves of sugar beet-such as chlorophyll and carbohydrate concentrations, stomatal conductance, rate of net photosynthesis and transpiration, and activity of the photosynthetic apparatus during root interaction with Aphanomyces cochlioides, were investigated. The influence of time of infection on plant health, yield quality and quantity was also examined. Plants were infected at different times of their growth period: on the sowing day and 4 or 8 weeks after sowing. A variation treatment, with nonpelleted seeds infected on the sowing day, was also analyzed. The experiment showed that development of disease symptoms depends on the time of infection and seed protection. A significant root yield decrease was observed in case of late infection, as compared to the yield of plants infected on the sowing day. The fresh weight of leaves was significantly increased where there was late infection. The infected plants showed a lower content of K + , Na + and α-amino-N than did the controls. Infection by A. cochlioides induced chlorophyll degradation mostly in older leaves with the occurrence of natural senescence processes. Chlorophyll fluorescence parameters indicated that the photosynthetic apparatus of younger leaves was more sensitive to pathogen infection, when compared to older ones. The photochemical efficiency of photosystem II was reduced in young leaves mainly due to disturbance of the water-splitting system. In plants grown from non-pelleted seeds a strong impairment of PSII was observed only in those leaves which developed during early pathogen infection. In young leaves of plants infected in the fourth week after sowing, inhibition of the rate of net photosynthesis was correlated with the increase in intercellular CO 2 concentration, indicating some disturbance in the carbon assimilation phase. In mature leaves of late infected plants the reduction of photosynthesis net rate was associated with a decrease of stomatal conductance and an increase of diffusion resistance to CO 2 and H 2 O, which was also the cause of the transpiration rate inhibition. When the leaves developed during early infection, an increase of specific leaf weight and accumulation of carbohydrates was observed. In mature leaves of nonprotected plants infected on the sowing day, the recovery of all physiological processes was observed together with a diminution of disease symptoms.

show abstract

Hymexazol treatment of sugar-beet seed to control seedling disease caused by Pythium spp. and Aphanomyces cochlioides

Cited by 24 publications

References 3 publications

Seed treatments for sustainable agriculture-A review

Seed treatments for sustainable agriculture-A review

Management of soilborne diseases of beetroot in Australia: a review

The influence of Aphanomyces cochlioides on selected physiological processes in sugar beet leaves and yield parameters

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About