Hymenopteran parasitoids associated with the banana-skipper Erionota thrax L. (Insecta: Lepidoptera, Hesperiidae) in Java, Indonesia

Abstract

Hymenopteran parasitoids of banana-skipper Erionota thrax L. (Insecta: Lepidoptera, Hesperiidae) from Java, Indonesia are reviewed and an illustrated key to 12 species is presented to include Theronia zebra zebra, Xanthopimpla gamsura, Casinaria sp., Charops sp., Cotesia (Apanteles) erionotae, Brachymeria lasus, B. thracis, Ooencyrtus pallidipes, Anastatus sp., Pediobius erionotae, Agiommatus sumatraensis and Sympiesis sp. The surveys of the natural enemies of the banana-skipper were conducted in 1990-2006 in several localities in Java. The aim of this study was to assess the native natural enemies of E. thrax, especially the parasitic Hymenoptera. Infested eggs, larvae and pupae of E. thrax were collected and reared in the laboratory. Emerging parasitoids were preserved in both dry mounting and in 80% alcohol for the species identification. Members of families Braconidae, Ichneumonidae, Encyrtidae, Pteromalidae, Chalcididae, Eupelmidae and Eulophidae were recorded as parasitoids of the banana skipper E. thrax from Java, Indonesia. Species distribution and alternative hosts of the parasitoids are presented.

Incidence of banana leaf roller and diversity of it is parasitoids in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia

“…Parasitoid insects are natural enemies that play an essential role in BLR population control (Hasyim et al 2003;Okolle et al 2010). This study found nine species of parasitoids associated with banana skipper pests, which is quite higher than those reported previously in Indonesia (Hasyim et al 2003;Erniwati and Ubaidillah 2011;Wibowo et al 2015;Rahmawati et al 2018). The presence of P. solennis in Central Sulawesi is firstly reported by this study.…”

“…In this study, we investigated the incidence and parasitism of BLR at different elevates and banana cultivars. Previous studies have been reported the BLR attack on bananas in Indonesia and other tropical countries (Hasyim et al 1994;Hasyim et al 1999;Erniwati and Ubaidillah 2011;Irulandi et al 2018). It is generally known that BLR attacks do not significantly reduce banana production except in high attack rates (Okolle et al 2006).…”

“…For identification and parasitism observation, three eggs group and twenty leaf rolls per site were collected randomly and reared at the Plant Pest Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Tadulako University. The BLR and parasitoids were identified using several determination keys (Goulet and Huber 1993;Zhang et al 2005;O'hara et al 2009;Erniwati and Ubaidillah 2011). Species identification was then verified by the taxonomist of Museum Zoologium Bogorienze (MZB) of the National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN).…”

“…In Central Sulawesi, a new infestation area of this banana pest ranged from 35 to 108 ha from 2014 to 2018 (Ditlin 2019). Several studies in Indonesia reported the parasitic wasps (Hymenoptera) and flies (Diptera) that potentially control the banana skipper (e.g., Hasyim et al 1994;Hasyim et al 1999;Erniwati and Ubaidillah 2011;Rahmawati et al 2018). Nevertheless, most of those studies were conducted in Sumatra and Java Island.…”

Detection of Wolbachia Endosymbiont in Several Agriculturally Important Insect Parasitoids in Bogor, Indonesia

“…M. manilae was known as a polyphagous parasitoid that attacks armyworm Spodoptera litura, the most important insect pest of many agricultural crops in Indonesia (Shepard, Barrion, & Litsinger, 1987). B. lasus was a gregarious endoparasitoid predator of the banana leaf roller Erionota thrax (Erniawati & Ubaidillah, 2011). The polyphagous egg parasitoid Trichogramma is one of around 80 genera from the family Trichogrammatidae, that has been most used as biocontrol agents in agricultural crops (Cônsoli & Grenier, 2009).…”