Hydroxyethyl Starch-Based Nanoparticles Featured with Redox-Sensitivity and Chemo-Photothermal Therapy for Synergized Tumor Eradication

Abstract

Chemo-photothermal combination therapy could achieve synergistically enhanced efficiency against tumors. Nanocarriers with good safety and high efficiency for chemo- photothermal therapy are pressingly needed. A new type of hydroxyethyl starch (HES) based on nanoparticles (NPs) loaded with doxorubicin (DOX) and indocyanine green (ICG) was, thus, developed in this study. DOX-loaded HES conjugates with redox-sensitivity (HES-SS-DOX) were first synthesized and they were then combined with ICG to self-assemble into HES-SS-DOX@ICG NPs with controlled compositions and sizes via collaborative interactions. The optimal HES-SS-DOX@ICG NPs had good physical and photothermal stability in aqueous media and showed high photothermal efficiency in vivo. They were able to fast release the loaded DOX in response to the redox stimulus and the applied laser irradiation. Based on the H22-tumor-bearing mouse model, these NPs were found to tendentiously accumulate inside tumors in comparison to other major organs. The HES-SS-DOX@ICG NPs together with dose-designated laser irradiation were able to fully eradicate tumors with only one injection and one single subsequent laser irradiation on the tumor site during a 14-day treatment period. In addition, they showed almost no impairment to the body. The presently developed HES-SS-DOX@ICG NPs have good in vivo safety and highly efficient anti-tumor capability. These NPs in conjugation with laser irradiation have promising potential for chemo-photothermal cancer therapy in the clinic.

Near-Infrared Fluorescent Sorbitol Probe for Targeted Photothermal Cancer Therapy

“…Photothermal therapy (PTT), based on the principle of light-to-heat conversion, has great potential for effective cancer treatment because of its high tumor ablation efficiency and minimal side effects on normal tissue [1,2,3,4,5]. PTT is a noninvasive therapeutic intervention for specific target tissues when combined with light excitation and laser-induced heating materials.…”

Starch Nanoparticles for Enhancement of Oral Bioavailability of a Newly Synthesized Thienopyrimidine Derivative with Anti-Proliferative Activity Against Pancreatic Cancer

“… 107–110 Additionally, the small PS of the nanoparticles gives them a chance to escape from the reticuloendothelial system which increases TPD accumulation in the tumor mass. 65–69 Another explanation could be the polysaccharide nature of the SNPs and the use of Tween during the SNPs preparation which was reported to inhibit the P-glycoprotein efflux pump. 108 , 111–115 …”

“…In contrast, particles larger than 300 nm are easily caught by the reticuloendothelial system in the liver and spleen thus quickly clear from the body of mice. 65,66 Furthermore, SNPs have demonstrated the ability to protect various bioactive molecules from the stomach's low pH, enzymatic conditions and facilitate the drug release in the small intestine. [67][68][69][70][71][72] The results of PS and PDI for the prepared SNPs-TPD were 22.98 ± 4.23 nm and 0.12 (Figure S4), respectively.…”

“…[107][108][109][110] Additionally, the small PS of the nanoparticles gives them a chance to escape from the reticuloendothelial system which increases TPD accumulation in the tumor mass. [65][66][67][68][69] Another explanation could be the polysaccharide nature of the SNPs and the use of Tween during the SNPs preparation which was reported to inhibit the P-glycoprotein efflux pump. 108,[111][112][113][114][115] The Kaplan-Meier survival curve (Figure 10) showed TPD treatment markedly increased the survival of SECbearing mice compared to control and placebo groups.…”

Hyperthermia-Based Anti-Cancer Treatments

“…Yu et al developed a novel hydroxyethyl starch based on nanoparticles loaded with doxorubicin and indocyanine green. This combination showed high photothermal efficiency and tended to accumulate inside tumours compared to other major organs in a H22-tumour-bearing mouse model [ 18 ].…”