Hydroxycut-induced liver toxicity

Dh, Kaswala; Shah, Shamik; Patel, Neel; Raisoni, S; S, Swaminathan

doi:10.4103/2141-9248.126627

Cited by 22 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…A further case, reported by Sharma et al (2010), involved a 19-year-old man who took the product for fat burning and muscle building. More recently, Kaswala et al (2014) reported the case of a 27-year-old man who was studying to be a physical trainer and had been taking Hydroxycut ® along with other supplements (black powder, mitotropin, xenadrine, etc.). Finally, Haimowitz et al (2015) described a fulminant liver failure in a 23-year-old man after consumption of Hydroxycut ® for 2 months.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The search started from November 2008 (because we desired to update our previous work on green tea hepatotoxicity, Mazzanti et al 2009) and extended to March 2015, without any language restriction. Cases of hepatotoxicity induced by Hydroxycut ® published in this period (Fong et al 2010;Sharma et al 2010;Kaswala et al 2014;Haimowitz et al 2015) were not included in this review, owing to the withdrawal of the product from the market in July 2009; nevertheless, they have been mentioned in the Discussion section.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Hepatotoxicity of green tea: an update

2015

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Green tea (GT), obtained from the leaves of Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze (Fam. Theaceae), is largely used for its potential health benefits such as reduction in risk of cardiovascular diseases and weight loss. Nevertheless, it is suspected to induce liver damage. Present work reviews the hepatic adverse reactions associated with GT-based herbal supplements, published by the end of 2008 to March 2015. A systematic research was carried out on PubMed, MedlinePlus, Scopus and Google Scholar databases, without any language restriction. Moreover, some accessible databases on pharmacovigilance or phytovigilance were consulted. The causality assessment was performed using the CIOMS/RUCAM score. Nineteen cases of hepatotoxicity related to the consumption of herbal products containing GT were identified. The hepatic reactions involved mostly women (16/19); the kind of liver damage was generally classified as hepatocellular (16/19). The causality assessment between consumption of herbal preparation and hepatic reaction resulted as probable in eight cases and as possible in eleven cases. In seven cases, patients used preparations containing only GT, while twelve reactions involved patients who took multicomponent preparations (MC). The reactions induced by GT had a generally long latency (179.1 ± 58.95 days), and the outcome was always resolution, with recovery time of 64.6 ± 17.78 days. On the contrary, liver injury associated with MC had a shorter latency (44.7 ± 13.85 days) and was more serious in four cases that required liver transplantation and, when resolution occurred, the recovery time was longer (118.9 ± 38.79). MC preparations contained numerous other components, many of which are suspected to induce liver damage, so it is difficult to ascribe the toxicity to one specific component, e.g., GT. Present data confirm a certain safety concern with GT, even if the number of hepatic reactions reported is low considering the great extent of use of this supplement. The mechanism of GT hepatotoxicity remains unclear, but factors related to the patient are becoming predominant. A major safety concern exists when GT is associated with other ingredients that can interact between them and with GT, enhancing the risk of liver damage. Patients should be discouraged from using herbal or dietary supplements containing complex mixtures and should be encouraged to use herbal and dietary supplement possibly under supervision of healthcare professionals.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Hepatotoxicity of green tea: an update

2015

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“…G. cambogia was also a main active ingredient in the weight-loss supplement Hydroxycut ® (Iovate Health Sciences, Inc., Oakville, ON), which has known hepatoxicity[11-16]. In May 2009, the FDA issued a consumer warning recalling all Hydroxycut ® products due to 23 hepatotoxicity cases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dangerous dietary supplements:Garcinia cambogia-associated hepatic failure requiring transplantation

Lunsford¹,

Bodzin²,

Reino³

et al. 2016

WJG

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Commercial dietary supplements are marketed as a panacea for the morbidly obese seeking sustainable weight-loss. Unfortunately, many claims cited by supplements are unsupported and inadequately regulated. Most concerning, however, are the associated harmful side effects, often unrecognized by consumers. Garcinia cambogia extract and Garcinia cambogia containing products are some of the most popular dietary supplements currently marketed for weight loss. Here, we report the first known case of fulminant hepatic failure associated with this dietary supplement. One active ingredient in this supplement is hydroxycitric acid, an active ingredient also found in weight-loss supplements banned by the Food and Drug Administration in 2009 for hepatotoxicity. Heightened awareness of the dangers of dietary supplements such as Garcinia cambogia is imperative to prevent hepatoxicity and potential fulminant hepatic failure in additional patients.

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“…83 Hydroxycut was again reformulated without these substances, but the older formulations still appear to be available. 88,89 Some cases of AEs continue to appear even with the newer formulation. 90,91…”

Section: Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence, Adverse Events, and Factors Associated with Dietary Supplement and Nutritional Supplement Use by US Navy and Marine Corps Personnel

Knapik¹,

Trone²,

Austin³

et al. 2016

Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics

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The prevalence of dietary supplement use in Navy and Marine Corps personnel was considerably higher than reported in civilian investigations for almost all types of dietary supplements, although similar to most other military services. Factors associated with dietary supplement use were similar to those reported in previous military and civilian investigations. Prevalence of self-reported AEs was very high, especially for combination products.

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Hydroxycut-induced liver toxicity

Cited by 22 publications

References 13 publications

Hepatotoxicity of green tea: an update

Hepatotoxicity of green tea: an update

Dangerous dietary supplements:Garcinia cambogia-associated hepatic failure requiring transplantation

Prevalence, Adverse Events, and Factors Associated with Dietary Supplement and Nutritional Supplement Use by US Navy and Marine Corps Personnel

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