(-)-Hydroxycitrate Ingestion and Endurance Exercise Performance

Lim, Kiwon; Sungpil, Ryu; Suh, Heajung; Ishihara, Kengo; Fushiki, Tohru

doi:10.3177/jnsv.51.1

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Knock-down of ATP citrate lyase with siRNA or inhibition with the known inhibitor SB-204990 has already been shown to inhibit growth of A549 human cancer cell (22). We chose to inhibit ATP citrate lyase by using calcium hydroxycitrate (HCA), a known inhibitor (30)(31)(32). The mechanistic details with respect to the biological pathways involving both lipoic acid and hydroxycitrate will be outlined in the Discussion section.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A combination of alpha lipoic acid and calcium hydroxycitrate is efficient against mouse cancer models: Preliminary results

Schwartz¹

2010

Oncol Rep

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Abstract. The impact of metabolic dysregulation on tumor development has long been established. We have targeted two enzymes that are altered during carcinogenesis: pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH), which is down-regulated, and ATP citrate lyase, which is overexpressed in cancer cells. Alpha lipoic acid is a cofactor of PDH, while hydroxycitrate is a known inhibitor of ATP citrate lyase. Our hypothesis is that a combination of these drugs may have antitumoral potential. The efficacy of these molecules was screened in vitro by treatment of different human cancer and murine cell lines. Lipoic acid reduced the cell number by 10-50% depending on concentrations (0.1-10 μM) and cell types. Calcium hydroxycitrate reduced the cell number by 5-60% at different concentrations (10-500 μM). When hydroxycitrate and lipoic acid were used together, there was a major cytotoxic effect: complete cell death was seen following 8 μM lipoic acid and 300 μM hydroxycitrate treatment for 72 h. The combination of alpha lipoic acid and hydroxycitrate was administered to healthy mice, at doses currently utilized for other indications than cancer; no demonstrable toxicity was observed. The combination was used to treat mouse syngenic cancer models: MBT-2 bladder transitional cell carcinoma, B16-F10 melanoma and LL/2 Lewis lung carcinoma. The efficacy of this combination appears similar to conventional chemotherapy (cisplatin or 5-fluorouracil) as it resulted in significant tumor growth retardation and enhanced survival. This preliminary study suggests that this combination of drugs is efficient against cancer cell proliferation both in vitro and in vivo. A clinical trial is warranted.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A combination of alpha lipoic acid and calcium hydroxycitrate is efficient against mouse cancer models: Preliminary results

Schwartz¹

2010

Oncol Rep

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“…Previous study reported that (-)-HCA weakened the phosphofructokinase activity in Values are means ± SD, n = 6. Lim, Ryu, Suh, Ishihara, and Fushiki (2005) found that (-)-HCA promoted gluconeogenesis and modestly increased liver glycogen in rats. Thus, we conjectured that ALDH3A2 might participated in the energy metabolism regulated by (-)-HCA in chicken embryos.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Potential role of ALDH3A2 on the lipid and glucose metabolism regulated by (‐)‐hydroxycitric acid in chicken embryos

Yang

Zhang

et al. 2019

Animal Science Journal

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This study aimed to investigate the effect of (‐)‐hydroxycitric acid ((‐)‐HCA) on lipid and glucose metabolism, and further analyzed these actions whether associated with modulation of aldehyde dehydrogenase 3 family member A2 (ALDH3A2) expression in chicken embryos. Results showed that (‐)‐HCA decreased triglyceride content and lipid droplet counts, while these effects induced by (‐)‐HCA were reversed in chicken embryos pre‐transfected with sh4‐ALDH3A2. (‐)‐HCA decreased malic enzyme, acetyl‐CoA carboxylase, fatty acid synthase, and sterol regulatory element binding protein‐1c mRNA level, while increased carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1A (CPT1A) and peroxisome proliferators‐activated receptor α (PPARα) mRNA level; and the action of (‐)‐HCA on lipid metabolism factors had completely eliminated in embryos pre‐transfected with sh4‐ALDH3A2. Chicken embryos pre‐transfected with sh4‐ALDH3A2 had eliminated the increasing of serum glucose and hepatic glycogen content induced by (‐)‐HCA. (‐)‐HCA decreased phosphofructokinase‐1 and increased G6P, fructose‐1,6‐bisphosphatase, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK), and pyruvate carboxylase mRNA level in chicken embryos. Similarly, the effect of (‐)‐HCA on these key enzyme mRNA level was reversed in embryos pre‐transfected with sh4‐ALDH3A2. Furthermore, (‐)‐HCA increased PPAR‐γ‐coactivator‐1α (PGC‐1α), PPARα, hepatic nuclear factor‐4A, PEPCK, and CPT1A protein level, and these actions of (‐)‐HCA disappeared in embryos pre‐transfected with sh4‐ALDH3A2. These results indicated that (‐)‐HCA reduced fat accumulation and accelerated gluconeogenesis via activation of PGC‐1α signaling pathway, and these effects of (‐)‐HCA might associate with the increasing of ALDH3A2 expression level in chicken embryos.

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“…HCA ingestion might have an effect on fat oxidation because extramitochondrial cleavage of citrate is the penultimate step in the conversion of glucose into malonyl-CoA, suggesting that HCA could reduce cytosolic malonyl-CoA concentration and increase fatty acid oxidation (83,84). It is well known that malonyl-CoA is an inhibitor of CPT-I that controls fatty acid by regulating its transfer into the mitochondria (85)(86)(87). Therefore, malonyl-CoA not only serves as a substrate for lipogenesis but also inhibits CPT-I allosterically, thereby suppressing fatty acid oxidation (87,88).…”

Section: Garcinia Cambogia (Hydroxycitric Acid) the Effect Of Hydroxymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is well known that malonyl-CoA is an inhibitor of CPT-I that controls fatty acid by regulating its transfer into the mitochondria (85)(86)(87). Therefore, malonyl-CoA not only serves as a substrate for lipogenesis but also inhibits CPT-I allosterically, thereby suppressing fatty acid oxidation (87,88). HCA is believed to be a powerful inhibitor of the enzyme ATP-citrate lyase (89).…”

Section: Garcinia Cambogia (Hydroxycitric Acid) the Effect Of Hydroxymentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrition Supplements to Stimulate Lipolysis: A Review in Relation to Endurance Exercise Capacity

Kim

Park

Lim

2016

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology, J Nutr Sci Vit

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Athletes make great efforts to increase their endurance capacity in many ways. Using nutrition supplements for stimulating lipolysis is one such strategy to improve endurance performance. These supplements contain certain ingredients that affect fat metabolism; furthermore, in combination with endurance training, they tend to have additive effects. A large body of scientific evidence shows that nutrition supplements increase fat metabolism; however, the usefulness of lipolytic supplements as ergogenic functional foods remains controversial. The present review will describe the effectiveness of lipolytic supplements in fat metabolism and as an ergogenic aid for increasing endurance exercise capacity. There are a number of lipolytic supplements available on the market, but this review focuses on natural ingredients such as caffeine, green tea extract, L-carnitine, Garcinia cambogia (hydroxycitric acid), capsaicin, ginseng, taurine, silk peptides and octacosanol, all of which have shown scientific evidence of enhancing fat metabolism associated with improving endurance performance. We excluded some other supplements owing to lack of data on fat metabolism or endurance capacity. Based on the data in this review, we suggest that a caffeine and green tea extract improves endurance performance and enhances fat oxidation. Regarding other supplements, the data on their practical implications needs to be gathered, especially for athletes.

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(-)-Hydroxycitrate Ingestion and Endurance Exercise Performance

Cited by 11 publications

References 38 publications

A combination of alpha lipoic acid and calcium hydroxycitrate is efficient against mouse cancer models: Preliminary results

A combination of alpha lipoic acid and calcium hydroxycitrate is efficient against mouse cancer models: Preliminary results

Potential role of ALDH3A2 on the lipid and glucose metabolism regulated by (‐)‐hydroxycitric acid in chicken embryos

Nutrition Supplements to Stimulate Lipolysis: A Review in Relation to Endurance Exercise Capacity

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