Hydrothermally Mixed Hydroxyapatite–Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes Composite Coatings on Biomedical Alloys by Electrophoretic Deposition

Abstract

Hydroxyapatite (HA) coatings have been used to improve biological and mechanical fixation of metallic prosthesis. Because of extraordinary features of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), they have a lot of facilities, such as extremely strong nanoreinforcement materials for composites. HA powders were synthesized and mixed with multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) by a hydrothermal process. Calcium acetate (Ca (CH(3)COO)(2)) and phosphoric acid (H(3)PO(4)) were used as starting materials for synthesizing nano-HA powders. HA-MWCNTs were treated together hydrothermally at 200 °C for 2 h to synthesize nano-HA powders mixed homogeneously with MWCNTs. Cathodic deposits were obtained on Ti-based alloys using suspensions containing nano-HA and MWCNTs dispersed in n-butanol solvent. It was shown that MWCNTs interacted with HA powders during hydrothermal processing, and therefore, they can easily be dispersed within aqueous-based suspensions. It was also shown that hydrothermal surface modification of MWCNTs with functional groups was achievable, which was a significant step toward eliminating nonwetting surface behavior of MWCNTs, resulting in obtaining homogeneous dispersion of them in liquids.

Calcium orthophosphate deposits: Preparation, properties and biomedical applications

“…Since chemically pure CaPO 4 bioceramics possess some serious mechanic limitations [3][4][5][6], to improve their properties, both ion-substituted CaPO 4 [287,[689][690][691][692] and CaPO 4 -containing biocomposites [59,[693][694][695][696][697][698][699] were deposited on various substrates. In general, such types of deposits might be prepared by two approaches: (i) direct deposition or co-deposition of either such compounds or their precursors and (ii) incorporation of the desired dopants and/or compounds into the previously deposited pure CaPO 4 .…”

Synthesis and characterization of Zn-Doped hydroxyapatite: scaffold application, antibacterial and bioactivity studies

“…To address these problems, materials such as polyethylene [8], Al 2 O 3 [9], TiO 2 [10], Y 2 O 3 [11] and carbon nanotubes [12] have been used to improve the mechanical properties of HAp. However, the micro-structural impact of the reinforcements on HAp is a major concern also, as its effect could weaken the biological property of HAp thus resulting in undesirable effects on the tissues [13].…”

In Vitro Osteogenesis Stimulation via Nano-Hydroxyapatite/Carbon Nanotube Thin Films on Biomedical Stainless Steel

“…Different techniques have been applied to obtain nHAp thin films with and without the association of carbon nanotubes (CNT) onto biomedical metal alloys. Many alternatives have been applied to obtain thin and homogeneous films onto metallic implants: a shear mixing method [ 11 , 12 ], sprayed plasma [ 13 , 14 ], electrophoretic deposition [ 15 ] and electrodeposition [ 12 , 16 ]. Among them, electrodeposition is a simple technique to synthesize HAp/CNT coatings.…”