Hydrothermal synthesis of dioctahedral smectites: The Al–Fe3+ chemical series. Part II: Crystal-chemistry

Petit, Sabine; Decarreau, A.; Gates, Will P.; Andrieux, P.; Grauby, Olivier

doi:10.1016/j.clay.2014.11.014

Cited by 41 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 41 publications

(76 reference statements)

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“…Despite interference with kaolinite, talc or palygorskite, this signature is safely assigned to the AlAlOH, AlFe III OH and Fe III Fe III OH fundamental and combination modes of a ferruginous smectite or nontronite (e.g. Post & Noble, 1993;Madejová et al, 1994;Bishop et al, 2002;Petit et al, 2002Petit et al, , 2015Gates, 2005Gates, , 2008.…”

Section: Infrared Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Geochemical and mineralogical characterization of smectites from the Ventzia basin, western Macedonia, Greece

Kaufhold

Chryssikos

Kacandes³

et al. 2019

Clay miner.

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Three samples of bulk smectite clay from the Pilori and Velanida bentonite deposits of the Ventzia basin, western Macedonia, Greece, were characterized in detail. Chemical analyses and X-ray diffraction (XRD; Rietveld method) showed that the samples are rich in Fe and Mg (8–13 mass% and 6–10 mass% as oxides, respectively) and contain ~60–65 mass% smectite. The high Fe and Mg content as well as the high Cr (0.3–0.5 mass%) and Ni content (0.1–0.3 mass%) are consistent with the formation of these clays from ultramafic precursor sediments of the Vourinos ophiolite complex. Both XRD and infrared spectroscopy indicate the presence of other clay minerals besides smectite, such as minor amounts of kaolinite, trioctahedral-rich palygorskite, serpentine and talc (depending on the sample). The position of the d060 reflection (1.51–1.52 Å) is compatible with either high Fe content or partial trioctahedral character, or probably both. The predominance of ferruginous smectite or nontronite was confirmed by infrared spectroscopy, but the minor presence of a trioctahedral magnesian smectite in some of the samples cannot be excluded. Layer charge densities, determined by the νO-D (oxygen-deuterium IR-stretching) method calibrated against the structural formula method, are in the 0.48–0.52 eq/FU range. Various methods point to the existence of a significant amount of tetrahedral charge, which is typical of ferruginous smectites. The major exchangeable cation is Mg2+ (73–90%), which represents a special property of these materials compared with other bentonites.

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Section: Infrared Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Geochemical and mineralogical characterization of smectites from the Ventzia basin, western Macedonia, Greece

Kaufhold

Chryssikos

Kacandes³

et al. 2019

Clay miner.

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“…(1) for better interpretation of their spectroscopic features (see Andrieux & Petit, 2010;Petit et al 2015Petit et al , 2016Baron et al, 2016a), for IR spectroscopy in both the mid-and near-IR regions, and, for Mössbauer spectroscopy (Baron et al, 2017).…”

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confidence: 99%

Synthesis of nontronite and other Fe-rich smectites: a critical review

2017

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The synthesis of clay minerals has been studied for decades in an attempt to better understand their formation in natural environments and more recently to obtain clay minerals with controlled compositions and properties. Even though nontronite has been synthesized successfully since 1935, the process is not a straightforward and has been poorly documented. In the present review concerning the synthesis of nontronite and other Fe-rich smectites, the experiments attempted in the past are discussed critically in light of the most recent data. Most notably, the application of relationships established recently, thanks to synthetic smectitic series, have allowed us to refine the chemical compositions of some nontronites synthesized previously.

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“…Yang et al [10] and Laakso et al [11] observed a hydroxyl absorption shift (4424 cm −1 to 4456 cm −1 ) toward higher frequency with increasing Mg and toward lower frequency with increasing Fe, but they did not discuss the hydroxyl absorption band near 4273 cm −1 . Petit et al [12] assigned the NIR features of octahedral smectites (2 : 1 layer) near 4550 cm −1 and 4370 cm −1 to the combination of hydroxyl stretching and bending modes. As with the layer minerals of 2 : 1, the NIR features of chlorites may also be related to the combination of hydroxyl stretching and bending in the octahedral sheet.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In some cases, partial substitution of the Mg 2+ by Fe 3+ occurs in the brucite-like layers accompanied by a coupled charge compensation, whereas substitution of Si 4+ by Al 3+ occurs in the tetrahedral sheet of the talc-like layer. These substitutions produce a variety of clinochlorites with a structural formula of Mg 4 Al 2 Mg 6 (Si 6 Al 2 O 20 )(OH) 4 (OH) 12 . The presence of Al in both the octahedral and tetrahedral sheets is necessary to ensure similar crystal cell parameters for the formation of a stable structure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The crystal structure of the chlorite group minerals can be described as a 2 : 1-type hydrous aluminosilicate (talc-like layer) with the octahedral sheet "sandwiched" between two opposite tetrahedral sheets and linked by an extra octahedral sheet (brucite-like layer). The simplified structural formula of chlorite minerals can be described as Mg 6 Mg 6 (Si 8 O 20 )(OH) 4 (OH) 16 , in which sheets of talc (Mg 6 (Si 8 O 20 )(OH) 4 ) and brucite (Mg 6 (OH) 12 ) are included ( Figure 1). The brucite-like and talc-like sheets are bonded to one another by long hydrogen bonds between the oxygen atoms from the siloxane sheet of the talc-like layer and the hydroxy groups of the brucite-like layer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Near-Infrared Spectroscopic Study of Chlorite Minerals

Yang

Han

et al. 2018

Journal of Spectroscopy

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The mineral chemistry of twenty chlorite samples from the United States Geological Survey (USGS) spectral library and two other regions, having a wide range of Fe and Mg contents and relatively constant Al and Si contents, was studied via infrared (IR) spectroscopy, near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy, and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis. More importantly, spectroscopic detection of mineral chemical variations in chlorites provides geologists with a tool with which to collect information on hydrothermal alteration zones from hyperspectral-resolution remote sensing data.

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Hydrothermal synthesis of dioctahedral smectites: The Al–Fe3+ chemical series. Part II: Crystal-chemistry

Cited by 41 publications

References 41 publications

Geochemical and mineralogical characterization of smectites from the Ventzia basin, western Macedonia, Greece

Geochemical and mineralogical characterization of smectites from the Ventzia basin, western Macedonia, Greece

Synthesis of nontronite and other Fe-rich smectites: a critical review

Near-Infrared Spectroscopic Study of Chlorite Minerals

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